Using Social Listening Data to Monitor Misuse and Nonmedical Use of Bupropion: A Content Analysis.
Using Social Listening Data to Monitor Misuse and Nonmedical Use of Bupropion: A Content Analysis.
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DOI：
10.2196/publichealth.6174
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Dasgupta, Nabarun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson, Laurie S;Bell, Heidi G;Dasgupta, Nabarun
背景：药品的非医疗使用已成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。传统上，对非医疗使用的评估侧重于有成瘾风险的受控物质。目前，没有有效的方法来评估非控制抗抑郁药的非医疗使用。目的：社会倾听，在公共卫生的背景下，有时被称为信息流行病学或信息监测，是识别和评估电子互动媒体形式下关于公司、产品、品牌或个人的言论的过程。本研究的目的是：(1)确定社会倾听数据的内容分析是否可以用来识别讨论安非他酮和两种比较物阿米替林和文拉法辛的潜在滥用或非医疗使用的帖子，以及(2)描述和表征这些帖子。方法：对截至2015年7月29日的所有公开发布的帖子进行社会倾听，这些帖子来自两个减少危害的网络论坛Bluelight和Opiophile，其中提到了研究药物。获取的数据被剥离了个人身份识别（PII）。一组通用的、品牌的和本地的产品名称被用来识别帖子中的产品参考。通过使用自然语言处理工具，从《管制活动英文医学词典》（MedDRA）第18版术语中识别与药物滥用有关的首选术语的白话参考，获得了员额。帖子由编码员手动审核，他们提取相关细节。结果：在为本研究收集的帖子中，共有7756篇涉及至少一种抗抑郁药的参考文献被确定。其中，668篇（8.61%,668/7756）涉及药物滥用或非医疗使用，其中安非他酮占438篇（65.6%,438/668）。668个岗位中，40.6%（178/438）、22%（22/100）、18.5%（24/130）不鼓励非医疗使用安非他酮、阿米替林、文拉法辛的比例分别为12.3%（54/438）、10%（10/100）、10.8%（14/130）。最常报道的预期效果类似于兴奋剂安非他酮、镇静剂阿米替林和解离剂文拉法辛。安非他酮以鼻给药最为常见，而阿米替林和文拉法辛则以口服给药最为常见。安非他酮和文拉法辛最常从卫生保健提供者处获得，而阿米替林最常从第三方获得或窃取。所有11位评分者对7个分类反应选项的20个项目的评分者间一致性的Fleiss kappa为0.448 （95% CI 0.421-0.457）。结论：与减少危害网络论坛合作进行的社会倾听为监测抗抑郁药的非医疗使用提供了有价值的新数据源。对社交倾听能力的进一步研究将有助于进一步描述这种快速发展的数据源的好处和局限性。
BACKGROUND: The nonmedical use of pharmaceutical products has become a significant public health concern. Traditionally, the evaluation of nonmedical use has focused on controlled substances with addiction risk. Currently, there is no effective means of evaluating the nonmedical use of noncontrolled antidepressants.OBJECTIVE: Social listening, in the context of public health sometimes called infodemiology or infoveillance, is the process of identifying and assessing what is being said about a company, product, brand, or individual, within forms of electronic interactive media. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine whether content analysis of social listening data could be utilized to identify posts discussing potential misuse or nonmedical use of bupropion and two comparators, amitriptyline and venlafaxine, and (2) to describe and characterize these posts.METHODS: Social listening was performed on all publicly available posts cumulative through July 29, 2015, from two harm-reduction Web forums, Bluelight and Opiophile, which mentioned the study drugs. The acquired data were stripped of personally identifiable identification (PII). A set of generic, brand, and vernacular product names was used to identify product references in posts. Posts were obtained using natural language processing tools to identify vernacular references to drug misuse-related Preferred Terms from the English Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) version 18 terminology. Posts were reviewed manually by coders, who extracted relevant details.RESULTS: A total of 7756 references to at least one of the study antidepressants were identified within posts gathered for this study. Of these posts, 668 (8.61%, 668/7756) referenced misuse or nonmedical use of the drug, with bupropion accounting for 438 (65.6%, 438/668). Of the 668 posts, nonmedical use was discouraged by 40.6% (178/438), 22% (22/100), and 18.5% (24/130) and encouraged by 12.3% (54/438), 10% (10/100), and 10.8% (14/130) for bupropion, amitriptyline, and venlafaxine, respectively. The most commonly reported desired effects were similar to stimulants with bupropion, sedatives with amitriptyline, and dissociatives with venlafaxine. The nasal route of administration was most frequently reported for bupropion, whereas the oral route was most frequently reported for amitriptyline and venlafaxine. Bupropion and venlafaxine were most commonly procured from health care providers, whereas amitriptyline was most commonly obtained or stolen from a third party. The Fleiss kappa for interrater agreement among 20 items with 7 categorical response options evaluated by all 11 raters was 0.448 (95% CI 0.421-0.457).CONCLUSIONS: Social listening, conducted in collaboration with harm-reduction Web forums, offers a valuable new data source that can be used for monitoring nonmedical use of antidepressants. Additional work on the capabilities of social listening will help further delineate the benefits and limitations of this rapidly evolving data source.