Optogenetic reactivation of memory ensembles in the retrosplenial cortex induces systems consolidation
Optogenetic reactivation of memory ensembles in the retrosplenial cortex induces systems consolidation
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1818432116
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发表时间：
2019-04-23
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Mayford, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Sousa, Andre F.;Cowansage, Kiriana K.;Mayford, Mark
在学习后的很长一段时间内，记忆的神经回路会发生变化，这一过程被称为系统巩固。学习后记忆相关神经系统的自发再激活被认为是介导这一过程的，尽管因果关系尚未建立。在这里，我们通过使用光遗传学来选择性地重新激活代表背景恐惧记忆的神经集合（有时被称为印迹神经元），在小鼠中测试这一假设。学习后1天，在压后皮质高频刺激这些合奏产生了最近的记忆与巩固的远程记忆中通常观察到的功能，包括在检索，上下文泛化，降低海马依赖性的新皮层区域的参与程度更高。此外，只有在睡眠或轻度麻醉期间记忆集合被重新激活时，这种效应才会出现。这些结果为学习后记忆整体再激活作为系统巩固的机制提供了直接支持，并表明这一过程可以通过无意识状态下的整体再激活来加速。
The neural circuits underlying memory change over prolonged periods after learning, in a process known as systems consolidation. Postlearning spontaneous reactivation of memory-related neural ensembles is thought to mediate this process, although a causal link has not been established. Here we test this hypothesis in mice by using optogenetics to selectively reactivate neural ensembles representing a contextual fear memory (sometimes referred to as engram neurons). High-frequency stimulation of these ensembles in the retrosplenial cortex 1 day after learning produced a recent memory with features normally observed in consolidated remote memories, including higher engagement of neocortical areas during retrieval, contextual generalization, and decreased hippocampal dependence. Moreover, this effect was only present if memory ensembles were reactivated during sleep or light anesthesia. These results provide direct support for postlearning memory ensemble reactivation as a mechanism of systems consolidation, and show that this process can be accelerated by ensemble reactivation in an unconscious state.