Effects of the Criminalization of HIV Transmission in Cuerrier on Men Reporting Unprotected Sex with Men
Effects of the Criminalization of HIV Transmission in Cuerrier on Men Reporting Unprotected Sex with Men
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DOI：
10.1017/s0829320100009613
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Maxwell, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adam, Barry D.;Elliott, Richard;Maxwell, John
本文报告的看法和做法的男子谁经常与男子发生无保护的性行为的社会法律环境所界定的1998年决定加拿大最高法院在R。V. Cuerrier.自Cuerrier以来，越来越多的艾滋病毒阳性者发现自己在法庭上，许多人试图在自己的行为中考虑法律的推理。对可能传播艾滋病毒的行为的司法解释依赖于一系列关于个人责任、理性和契约互动以及成年人同意的假设，这在试图在日常生活中实施这些假设的艾滋病毒阳性者中引起了一系列模糊和不确定性。虽然有些人表示支持Cuerrier的推理，但其他人则在性互动中面临实际困境，少数伦理推理提出了“买方小心”原则。后一种观点出现在这样一种社会环境中，即艾滋病毒抗体阳性者一旦知道自己的血清状况，面对可能的拒绝或歧视，他们会受到强烈的抑制，不愿意透露。对Cuerrier的社会后果的审查提出了一个问题，即依靠通过刑事起诉的威胁来强制执行披露作为预防艾滋病毒的有效方法是否可行，特别是在最实际的日常艾滋病毒预防发生时，无论披露与否，都坚持实行安全性行为。
This paper reports on the perceptions and practices of men who have frequent unprotected sex with men in a socio-legal environment defined by the 1998 decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in R. v. Cuerrier. HIV-positive people are increasingly finding themselves in court since Cuerrier, and many are trying to take account of legal reasoning in their own conduct. The judicial construction of behaviour likely to transmit HIV relies on a set of presumptions concerning individual responsibility, rational and contractual interaction, and consenting adults that raises a series of ambiguities and uncertainties among HIV-positive people attempting to implement them in everyday life. While some express support for the reasoning in Cuerrier, others struggle with practical dilemmas in sexual interaction, and a minority strand of ethical reasoning advances a "buyer beware" principle. This latter view occurs in a social environment where HIV-positive people experience strong disincentives to disclose in the face of potential rejection or discrimination once their sero-status is known. Examination of the social consequences of Cuerrier raises questions about the viability of relying on the enforcement of disclosure, through threat of criminal prosecution, as an effective method of HIV prevention, especially when most practical, day-to-day HIV prevention occurs when safer sex is practised consistently regardless of disclosure.