The significance of the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands for the assessment of the vulnerability of native communities to climate change, alien insect invasions and plant viruses
The significance of the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands for the assessment of the vulnerability of native communities to climate change, alien insect invasions and plant viruses
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DOI：
10.1007/s10530-011-9946-5
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Renault, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lebouvier, M.;Laparie, M.;Renault, David
亚南极岛屿的一系列环境和人为改变为我们更好地了解气候变化和生物物种入侵对陆地生态系统的潜在后果提供了重要机会。人类引入的入侵物种对土著生物群的深刻影响，以及由于热条件的变化而促进的定居，在法国亚南极凯尔盖朗群岛（南印度洋）有很好的记录。本研究概述了亚南极陆地群落在两个相互作用的因素，即气候变化和外来昆虫方面的脆弱性。我们提出了自1974年以来我们的团队在凯尔盖朗群岛吸收的数据集，再加上文献回顾，以评估该地区生物入侵的机制和影响。首先，我们考虑了南极地区最近的气候趋势，以及它对外来昆虫的建立、分布和丰度的潜在影响，以一种苍蝇和一种甲虫为例。其次，我们考虑有限的基因库可能在多大程度上限制外来物种的殖民。最后，我们考虑本地社区的脆弱性，以外来物种的例子，一个甲虫，一只苍蝇，和五种蚜虫考虑到其额外的影响，植物病毒载体。我们的结论是，从亚南极岛屿同化的证据可以应用于更复杂的温带大陆系统，以及进一步制定国际准则，以尽量减少外来物种的影响。
The suite of environments and anthropogenic modifications of sub-Antarctic islands provide key opportunities to improve our understanding of the potential consequences of climate change and biological species invasions on terrestrial ecosystems. The profound impact of human introduced invasive species on indigenous biota, and the facilitation of establishment as a result of changing thermal conditions, has been well documented on the French sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands (South Indian Ocean). The present study provides an overview of the vulnerability of sub-Antarctic terrestrial communities with respect to two interacting factors, namely climate change and alien insects. We present datasets assimilated by our teams on the Kerguelen Islands since 1974, coupled with a review of the literature, to evaluate the mechanism and impact of biological invasions in this region. First, we consider recent climatic trends of the Antarctic region, and its potential influence on the establishment, distribution and abundance of alien insects, using as examples one fly and one beetle species. Second, we consider to what extent limited gene pools may restrict alien species' colonisations. Finally, we consider the vulnerability of native communities to aliens using the examples of one beetle, one fly, and five aphid species taking into consideration their additional impact as plant virus vectors. We conclude that the evidence assimilated from the sub-Antarctic islands can be applied to more complex temperate continental systems as well as further developing international guidelines to minimise the impact of alien species.