Dietary habits and mortality in 11000 vegetarians and health conscious people: Results of a 17 year follow up
Dietary habits and mortality in 11000 vegetarians and health conscious people: Results of a 17 year follow up
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.313.7060.775
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发表时间：
1996-09-28
影响因子：
105.7
通讯作者：
Burr, ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Key, TJA;Thorogood, M;Burr, ML
目的-调查一组素食者和其他有健康意识的人的饮食习惯与死亡率的关系。设计-观察性研究。背景-英国。受试者-通过健康食品店、素食协会和杂志招募的 4336 名男性和 6435 名女性。主要结果指标-素食主义以及每日与少于每日食用全麦面包、麸皮谷物、坚果或干果、新鲜水果和生沙拉的死亡率相对于所有人群的死亡率导致死亡和缺血性心脏病、脑血管疾病、所有恶性肿瘤、肺癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌的死亡率。结果-2064 名受试者（19%）吸烟，4627 名受试者（43%）是素食主义者，6699 名受试者（62%）每天吃全麦面包，2948 名受试者（27%）每天吃麸皮谷物，4091 名受试者（38%）吃坚果或干果每天吃水果，8304 人（77%）每天吃新鲜水果，4105 人（38%）每天吃生沙拉。经过平均 16.8 年的随访，80 岁之前有 1343 人死亡。总体而言，该队列的死亡率约为普通人群的一半。在队列中，每日食用新鲜水果与显着降低缺血性心脏病死亡率（吸烟调整后的比率为 0.76（95% 置信区间 0.60 至 0.97））、脑血管疾病死亡率（0.68（0.47 至 0.98））和所有原因死亡率（0.79（0.70 至 0.90））相关。新鲜水果可以降低缺血性心脏病、脑血管疾病和所有原因综合导致的死亡率。
Objective-To investigate the association of dietary habits with mortality in a cohort of vegetarians and other health conscious people.Design-Observational study.Setting-United Kingdom.Subjects-4336 men and 6435 women recruited through health food shops, vegetarian societies, and magazines.Main outcome measures-Mortality ratios for vegetarianism and for daily versus less than daily consumption of wholemeal bread, bran cereals, nuts or dried fruit, fresh fruit, and raw salad in relation to all cause mortality and mortality fi om ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, all malignant neoplasms, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer.Results-2064 (19%) subjects smoked, 4627 (43%) were vegetarian, 6699 (62%) ate wholemeal bread daily, 2948 (27%) ate bran cereals daily, 4091 (38%) ate nuts or dried fruit daily, 8304 (77%) ate fresh fruit daily, and 4105 (38%) ate raw salad daily. After a mean of 16.8 years follow up there were 1343 deaths before age 80. Overall the cohort had a mortality about half that of the general population. Within the cohort, daily consumption of fresh fruit was associated with significantly reduced mortality from ischaemic heart disease (rate ratio adjusted for smoking 0.76 (95% confidence interval 0.60 to 0.97)), cerebrovascular disease (0.68 (0.47 to 0.98)), and for all causes combined (0.79 (0.70 to 0.90)).Conclusions-In this cohort of health conscious individuals, daily consumption of fresh fruit is associated with a reduced mortality from ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and all causes combined.