Effects of water stress on growth, biomass partitioning, and water-use efficiency in summer maize (Zea mays L.) throughout the growth cycle
Effects of water stress on growth, biomass partitioning, and water-use efficiency in summer maize (Zea mays L.) throughout the growth cycle
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水分胁迫对夏玉米 (Zea mays L.) 整个生长周期生长、生物量分配和水分利用效率的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s11738-011-0901-y
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Sun, Ningbo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ge, Tida;Sui, Fanggong;Sun, Ningbo
研究了水分胁迫对夏玉米（Zea mays L.）生长、生物量分配和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响。整个生长周期。在完全随机设计下，采用三种田间持水量（FC）制度进行玉米田间试验。如下将水递送至植物：75%FC被认为是低水分胁迫和对照，55%FC中等胁迫，以及35%FC高胁迫。控制灌溉从三叶期开始直到成熟。2年田间试验结果表明，玉米生长发育和产量对水分胁迫的反应不仅取决于水分胁迫的强度和持续时间，而且还取决于玉米发育阶段。中等水分胁迫（55%）影响叶面积在第十七（V17）叶期，抽雄和吐丝出现，叶片延伸，最终叶片数到一个较小的程度。但55%FC处理显著降低了不同生育期的株高、叶面积（V17除外）、茎粗、生物量积累、净光合速率和蒸腾速率。特别是，抽雄和吐丝，和产量参数，包括穗粒数和百粒干重下降，随着中等水分胁迫持续时间的增加。严重水分胁迫（35%FC）表现出增加的不利影响，所有营养和产量参数在不同的发展阶段，并导致成熟期延迟。重度胁迫导致营养生长期和生殖生长期WUE显著降低，中度胁迫导致早、中期WUE升高，后期WUE显著降低。总体而言，这些结果共同表明，2年的高应力条件（35%FC）对玉米植物的负面影响是明显的营养和产量参数。我们建议，水分亏缺或减少灌溉，和55%的水田间容量，被认为是在玉米抽雄期之前的灌溉调度中性壤土，草甸土壤在水分有限的条件下，亚湿润地区。
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of water stress on the growth, biomass partitioning, and water-use efficiency (WUE) of summer maize (Zea mays L.) throughout the growth cycle. Maize field trials were conducted under a completely randomized design with three field water capacity (FC) regimes. Water was delivered to plants as follows: 75% FC was considered low water stress and the control, 55% FC medium stress, and 35% FC high stress. The controlled irrigation was initiated from the third leaf stage until maturity. The results of 2 years of field trials indicated that maize development and grain yield responses to water stress depended on the severity of stress, including intensity and duration, but also on maize developmental stage. Medium water stress (55%) affected leaf area at the seventeenth (V17) leaf stage, tasseling and silking emergence, leaf extension, and final leaf number to a minor degree. However, 55% FC significantly decreased plant height, leaf area (except for V17), stem diameter, biomass accumulation, net photosynthesis and transpiration rates at different developmental stages. In particular, tasseling and silking, and yield parameters, including ear kernel number and 100-kernel dry weight decreased with increasing medium water stress duration. Severe water stress (35% FC) exhibited increased detrimental effects on all vegetative and yield parameters at different development stages, and resulted in a maturation period delay. Severe stress caused notable reductions in WUE at vegetative and reproductive stages, whereas moderate stress resulted in WUE increases at early and middle stages, and significant decreased WUE at late stages. Overall, these results collectively showed that the negative effects of 2 years of high stress conditions (35% FC) on maize plants were evident in vegetative and yield parameters. We recommend that water deficits or reduced irrigation, and 55% water field capacity, be considered for irrigation scheduling before the maize tasseling stage in neutral loam, meadow soil for sub-humid regions under water limited conditions.