Hunter-gatherer genomes reveal diverse demographic trajectories during the rise of farming in Eastern Africa.
Hunter-gatherer genomes reveal diverse demographic trajectories during the rise of farming in Eastern Africa.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.050
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发表时间：
2022-04-25
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Henn, Brenna M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gopalan, Shyamalika;Berl, Richard E. W.;Myrick, Justin W.;Garfield, Zachary H.;Reynolds, Austin W.;Bafens, Barnabas K.;Belbin, Gillian;Mastoras, Mira;Williams, Cole;Daya, Michelle;Negash, Akmel N.;Feldman, Marcus W.;Hewlett, Barry S.;Henn, Brenna M.
随着农业和牧业的兴起，狩猎和聚集人口的命运仍然是人类史前研究中的一个辩论主题。对古代和现代基因组的研究发现，原住民群体在很大程度上被具有不同水平基因流动的不断扩大的农民群体所取代，这一特征受到了对欧洲新石器时代几乎普遍关注的影响。我们试图了解埃塞俄比亚西南部正在进行的农业转变对人口结构的影响，这是非洲最后几个经历这种转变的地区之一。重要的是，埃塞俄比亚西南部是世界上现存的几个狩猎采集群体的家园，其中包括查布人，他们目前正在摆脱传统的生存模式。我们从Chabu和四个邻近的种群--麻江、Shekkacho、BENCH和Sheko--生成了全基因组数据，以表征它们的遗传祖先，并估计它们在过去60代中的有效种群规模。我们发现，查布人是一个独特的群体，与4500年前占领埃塞俄比亚西南部的古代民族关系密切。此外，查布人正在经历大约1400年前开始的严重的人口瓶颈。在对11个东非人口的研究中，我们发现了狩猎-采集-后代群体之间不同的人口轨迹的证据。我们的结果表明，尽管觅食者通过多种策略来应对日益侵蚀的农牧业，包括农牧业的文化采用、基因流动和经济专业化，但他们经常面临人口下降的问题。使用新的基因数据，Gopalan等人。表明埃塞俄比亚西南部的查布人与农业兴起之前居住在该地区的古代人们有着密切的关系。在过去的1400年里，察布人的数量急剧下降。然而，这种趋势在埃塞俄比亚狩猎采集后裔中并不普遍。
The fate of hunting and gathering populations following the rise of agriculture and pastoralism remains a topic of debate in the study of human prehistory. Studies of ancient and modern genomes have found that autochthonous groups were largely replaced by expanding farmer populations with varying levels of gene flow, a characterization that is influenced by the almost universal focus on the European Neolithic. We sought to understand the demographic impact of an ongoing shift to farming in Southwest Ethiopia, one of the last regions in Africa to experience such shifts. Importantly, Southwest Ethiopia is home to several of the world’s remaining hunter-gatherer groups, including the Chabu people, who are currently transitioning away from their traditional mode of subsistence. We generated genome-wide data from the Chabu and four neighboring populations, the Majang, Shekkacho, Bench, and Sheko, to characterize their genetic ancestry and estimate their effective population sizes throughout the last 60 generations. We show that the Chabu are a distinct population closely related to ancient peoples who occupied Southwest Ethiopia >4,500 years ago. Furthermore, the Chabu are undergoing a severe population bottleneck which began approximately 1,400 years ago. In studying eleven Eastern African populations, we find evidence for divergent demographic trajectories among hunter-gatherer-descendant groups. Our results illustrate that although foragers respond to encroaching agriculture and pastoralism with multiple strategies, including cultural adoption of agropastoralism, gene flow and economic specialization, they often face population decline. Using new genotype data, Gopalan et al. show that the Chabu people of Southwest Ethiopia are closely related to ancient people who lived in the region prior to the rise of farming. The Chabu population has declined sharply over the past 1,400 years. However, this trend is not universal among Ethiopian hunter-gatherer descendants.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Harney É;May H;Shalem D;Rohland N;Mallick S;Lazaridis I;Sarig R;Stewardson K;Nordenfelt S;Patterson N;Hershkovitz I;Reich D
通讯作者：
Reich D
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Browning, Sharon R.;Browning, Brian L.
通讯作者：
Browning, Brian L.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Aime, Carla;Laval, Guillaume;Austerlitz, Frederic
通讯作者：
Austerlitz, Frederic
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0914274108
发表时间：
2011-04-12
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gignoux, Christopher R.;Henn, Brenna M.;Mountain, Joanna L.
通讯作者：
Mountain, Joanna L.
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Chang CC;Chow CC;Tellier LC;Vattikuti S;Purcell SM;Lee JJ
通讯作者：
Lee JJ