Comorbidity in ADHD: Implications for research, practice, and DSM-V
Comorbidity in ADHD: Implications for research, practice, and DSM-V
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199708000-00014
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发表时间：
1997-08-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Cantwell, DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jensen, PS;Martin, D;Cantwell, DP
目的：自DSM-III/III-R问世以来，注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)共病的研究越来越受到临床医生和研究者的关注。需要更好地了解ADHD共病模式，以指导治疗、研究和未来的分类方法。方法：回顾过去15年的ADHD文献，以(1)探索ADHD共病最普遍的模式；(2)检验共病的相关因素和纵向预测因素；(3)确定共病模式传递有关ADHD病因、治疗和结果的独特信息的程度。为了识别潜在的新症状，作者基于八个验证标准检查了并存模式。结果：可获得的最多的文献涉及ADHD和品行障碍/攻击性的共病，而关于其他共病的数据量要小得多。在许多领域，文献很稀少，有关共病模式的相关问题仍未被探索。然而，现有的数据证明ADHD有两个新的亚型：(1)ADHD，攻击性亚型；(2)ADHD，焦虑亚型。结论：更多关于共病频率和相关因素的研究是非常需要的，以包括对患有各种共病ADHD障碍的儿童以及病因不同的ADHD儿童治疗的不同影响的研究。
Objective: Since the introduction of DSM-III/III-R, clinicians and investigators have shown increasing interest in the study of conditions comorbid with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Better understanding ADHD comorbidity patterns is needed to guide treatment, research, and future classification approaches. Method: The ADHD literature from the past 15 years was reviewed to (1) explore the most prevalent patterns of ADHD comorbidity; (2) examine the correlates and longitudinal predictors of comorbidity; and (3) determine the extent to which comorbid patterns convey unique information concerning ADHD etiology, treatment, and outcomes. To identify potential new syndromes, the authors examined comorbid patterns based on eight validational criteria. Results: The largest available body of literature concerned the comorbidity with ADHD and conduct disorder/aggression, with a substantially smaller amount of data concerning other comorbid conditions. In many areas the literature was sparse, and pertinent questions concerning comorbidity patterns remain unexplored. Nonetheless, available data warrant the delineation of two new subclassifications of ADHD: (1) ADHD, aggressive subtype, and (2) ADHD, anxious subtype. Conclusions: Additional studies of the frequency of comorbidity and associated factors are greatly needed, to include studies of differential effects of treatment of children with various comorbid ADHD disorders, as well as of ADHD children who differ on etiological factors.