Fetal growth and placental function
Fetal growth and placental function
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DOI：
10.1016/s0303-7207(98)00039-2
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发表时间：
1998-05-25
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Gluckman, PD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bauer, MK;Harding, JE;Gluckman, PD
胎儿的生长在很大程度上取决于胎儿营养的可用性。胎儿处于供应线的末端，该供应线确保将营养物从母体/子宫循环经由胎盘递送到胎儿。但是，这条供给线并不能视为线性关系。母亲营养不良不仅会减少全球营养供应，而且还会影响母亲和胎儿的生长轴。两种内分泌系统对有限底物供应的反应方式非常相似。胎儿生长轴的激素：特别是胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）-1，是胎儿生长的重要调节因子。胎盘功能是母胎营养和代谢物转移的关键。胎盘功能反过来又受到母体和胎儿生长激素（GH）-IGF-1系统的严重影响。胎盘本身也是一个活跃的内分泌器官，它产生大量的激素，包括GH和IGF-1及其相应的受体。因此，胎盘不能再被认为仅仅是胎儿营养的被动管道。相反，它是积极参与整合的营养和内分泌信号从母亲和胎儿的生长激素轴。(C)1998爱思唯尔科学爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Fetal growth is largely determined by the availability of nutrients to the fetus. The fetus is at the end of a supply line that ensures delivery of nutrients from the maternal/uterine circulation to the fetus via the placenta. However, this supply line can not be regarded as a linear relationship. Maternal undernutrition will not only reduce global nutrient availability but will also influence the maternal and fetal somatotrophic axis. Both endocrine systems react in a very similar way to limited substrate supply. The hormones of the fetal somatotrophic axis: and in particular insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, are important regulators of fetal growth. Placental function is pivotal to materno-fetal nutrient and metabolite transfer. Placental function in turn, is heavily influenced by the maternal and fetal growth hormone (GH)-IGF-1 system. The placenta itself is also an active endocrine organ and it produces a large number of hormones including GH and IGF-1 as well their corresponding receptors. Thus the placenta can no longer be considered merely a passive conduit for fetal nutrition. Rather, it is actively involved in the integration of nutritional and endocrine signals from the maternal and fetal somatotrophic axes. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.