Increases in Microvascular Perfusion and Tissue Oxygenation via Vasodilatation After Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Healthy and Traumatized Mouse Brain
Increases in Microvascular Perfusion and Tissue Oxygenation via Vasodilatation After Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Healthy and Traumatized Mouse Brain
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_5
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bragin, D. E.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Bragina, O. A.;Lara, D. A.;Bragin, D. E.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）导致70%的幸存者神经功能缺损，仍然缺乏临床证明有效的治疗方法。经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）已成为一种有前途的可能适用于TBI的电治疗干预，然而，由于有限的动物研究的机制和最佳参数是未知的。使用TBI小鼠模型，我们评估了阳极tDCS对脑血流量（CBF）和组织氧合的急性影响，并评估了其在长期神经恢复中的疗效。TBI由控制性皮质撞击引起，导致皮质和海马病变，CBF减少，挫伤周围区域出现缺氧。仅对假手术动物进行开颅术。在TBI后1周或3周开始，连续4天进行重复阳极tDCS（0.1 mA/15 min）或假刺激，间隔3天。激光散斑对比成像（LSCI）显示，阳极tDCS导致创伤和假手术动物的区域皮质CBF增加。在微血管水平上，使用体内双光子显微镜（2 PLSM），我们已经表明，阳极tDCS诱导小动脉扩张，导致创伤和假手术动物的毛细血管流速和组织氧合增加。重复阳极tDCS显著改善了运动和认知神经功能结局。与TBI后1周开始的刺激相比，TBI后3周开始的刺激组显示出更好的恢复，这表明创伤后晚期对于阳极tDCS更理想。
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), causing neurological deficit in 70% of survivors, still lacks a clinically proven effective therapy. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a promising electroceutical therapeutic intervention possibly suitable for TBI; however, due to limited animal studies the mechanisms and optimal parameters are unknown. Using a mouse model of TBI we evaluated the acute effects of the anodal tDCS on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and tissue oxygenation, and assessed its efficacy in long-term neurologic recovery. TBI was induced by controlled cortical impact leading to cortical and hippocampal lesions with reduced CBF and developed hypoxia in pericontusion area. Sham animals were subjected to craniotomy only. Repetitive anodal tDCS (0.1 mA/15 min) or sham stimulation was done over 4 weeks for four consecutive days with 3-day intervals, beginning 1 or 3 weeks after TBI. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) revealed that anodal tDCS causes an increase in regional cortical CBF in both traumatized and Sham animals. On microvascular level, using in-vivo two-photon microscopy (2PLSM), we have shown that anodal tDCS induces arteriolar dilatation leading to an increase in capillary flow velocity and tissue oxygenation in both traumatized and Sham animals. Repetitive anodal tDCS significantly improved motor and cognitive neurologic outcome. The group with stimulation starting 3 weeks after TBI showed better recovery compared with stimulation starting 1 week after TBI, suggesting that the late post-traumatic period is more optimal for anodal tDCS.