VISUAL-MOTION AND ATTENTIONAL CAPTURE
VISUAL-MOTION AND ATTENTIONAL CAPTURE
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03205298
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发表时间：
1994-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
YANTIS, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HILLSTROM, AP;YANTIS, S
先前的研究表明，突然的视觉启动会吸引注意力。即使是与背景亮度相等的刺激也会发生这种情况，这表明一个新的感知对象的出现，而不仅仅是亮度的变化，引起了注意。三个实验中，这项工作被扩展，通过调查视觉运动在注意力捕获的可能作用。实验1表明，运动可以有效地引导注意力时，它是完美的信息的视觉搜索目标的位置，但它不提请注意时，它不预测目标的位置。这一结果是通过几种形式的运动获得的，包括振荡、隐现和附近的移动轮廓。为了解释这些和其他结果，我们测试了一个新的对象帐户的注意力捕获实验2中使用的全球/本地的范式。当运动分离的本地字母从其感知组，本地字母捕获的注意力作为索引的任务相关的全球配置的响应延迟的影响。实验3排除了实验2中的运动仅仅通过增加运动物体的显著性来吸引注意力的可能性。相反，我们认为，当运动分离的感知元素从感知组，一个新的感知对象被创建，这个事件捕获注意。总之，这些结果表明，运动本身并不能吸引注意力，但一个新的感知对象的出现却可以。
Previous work has shown that abrupt visual onsets capture attention. This occurs even with stimuli that are equiluminant with the background, which suggests that the appearance of a new perceptual object, not merely a change in luminance, captures attention. Three experiments are reported in which this work was extended by investigating the possible role of visual motion in attentional capture. Experiment 1 revealed that motion can efficiently guide attention when it is perfectly informative about the location of a visual search target, but that it does not draw attention when it does not predict the target's position. This result was obtained with several forms of motion, including oscillation, looming, and nearby moving contours. To account for these and other results, we tested a new-object account of attentional capture in Experiment 2 by using a global/local paradigm. When motion segregated a local letter from its perceptual group, the local letter captured attention as indexed by an effect on latency of response to the task-relevant global configuration. Experiment 3 ruled out the possibility that the motion in Experiment 2 captured attention merely by increasing the salience of the moving object. We argue instead that when motion segregates a perceptual element from a perceptual group, a new perceptual object is created, and this event captures attention. Together, the results suggest that motion as such does not capture attention but that the appearance of a new perceptual object does.