The importance of subterranean mosquito habitat to arbovirus vector control strategies in north Queensland Australia
The importance of subterranean mosquito habitat to arbovirus vector control strategies in north Queensland Australia
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DOI：
10.1603/0022-2585-37.6.846
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Foley, PN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kay, BH;Ryan, PA;Foley, PN
1996年至1999年，昆士兰北部14个地区在夏秋季和冬季对三龄和四龄蚊虫进行了调查。地下栖息地的绝对种群数量，主要是检修井和坑(97%)，但也有一些井、化粪池、暴雨排水沟和水池，以这些站点和100米半径内的地面站点的总数量的比例表示。当将校正因子应用于地下样本时，472,477头幼虫主要是颤动伊蚊、诺氏伊蚊和埃及伊蚊。占总人口的78%。关于地下栖息地未成熟蚊子总数的比例(PROSUB)，对于冬季数据，最低温度、相对湿度和中眼桡足类动物患病率的线性回归系数达到显著水平；而对于夏季，只有相对湿度具有显著意义。夏季中环毛虫患病率的线性回归系数接近显著水平(P=0.061)。当使用多元线性回归对Prosubb进行建模时，68%的变化是由相对湿度和中环毛虫的流行所解释的。在更干燥、更凉爽的城镇，由于旱季，地表产卵地点的可用性减少，导致冬季地下地点的使用增加。在较潮湿的沿海城镇，没有实施这样的限制，环境条件全年保持更公平。中生藻出人意料地常见，特别是在这些沿海城镇。已知数量的中环水母的释放表明，维修沙井中的三扫网对每10升1个中环水蚤的密度很敏感，总体回收率在1-4%之间。在控制方面，服务沙井是蚊子和中眼水蚤种群的稳定栖息地(总阳性率为7%)，如果蚊子幼虫和中眼水蚤种群保持潮湿，则在夏季/秋季期间呈蚊虫幼虫或中眼水蚤阳性的服务沙井有96%和85%的机会在次年冬季呈阳性。即使考虑到干燥的影响，蚊子阳性的检修孔也有79%的机会在下一个冬天保持阳性。鉴于这些地点作为躲避恶劣环境条件的避难所的重要性，建议使用中生藻的冬季控制战略是一种成本效益高的控制选择，可在条件变得更合适时减少地表地点的再殖民化。
In north Queensland, 14 localities were surveyed for mosquito lan ae (third and fourth instar) during summer/autumn and winter from 1996 to 1999. Absolute population numbers in subterranean habitats, mainly service manholes and pits (97%) but also some wells, septic tanks, storm drains, and sumps, were expressed as a proportion of total numbers in these sites plus surface sites within a 100-m radius. When correction factors were applied to subterranean samples, the 472,477 larvae mainly of Aedes tremulus (Theobald) group, Aedes notoscriptus (Skuse), and Aedes aegypti (L.) comprised 78% of the total population. In relation to the proportion of the overall immature mosquito population from subterranean habitats (propsub), linear regression coefficients for minimum temperature, relative humidity, and Mesocyclops copepod prevalence were significant for winter data; but for summer, only relative humidity was significant. Linear regression coefficients for Mesocyclops prevalence approached significance (P = 0.061) in summer. When multiple linear regression was used to model propsub, 68% of the variation was accounted for by relative humidity and the prevalence of Mesocyclops. In the drier and cooler towns, increased use of subterranean sites during winter was caused by reduced availability of surface oviposition sites because of the dry season. In the wetter coastal towns, no such restrictions applied and ambient conditions remained more equitable all year round. Mesocyclops were surprisingly common, particularly in these coastal towns. Release of known numbers of Mesocyclops indicated that 3-sweep netting in service manholes was sensitive down to densities of one Mesocyclops per 10 liters, and overall recovery varied from 1 to 4%. In relation to control, service manholes represent a stable habitat for mosquito (7% positive overall) and Mesocyclops populations If they remained wet, service manholes positive for mosquito immatures or Mesocyclops during summer/autumn had 96% and 85% chance, respectively, of being positive the following winter. Even allowing for the effect of drying, a mosquito-positive manhole had a 79% chance of remaining positive the following winter. In view of the importance of these sites as refuges from adverse ambient conditions, it is proposed that a winter control strategy using Mesocyclops presents a cost-effective control option to reduce the recolonization of surface sites when conditions become more suitable.