Development of a risk assessment framework to predict invasive species establishment for multiple taxonomic groups and vectors of introduction
Development of a risk assessment framework to predict invasive species establishment for multiple taxonomic groups and vectors of introduction
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开发风险评估框架来预测多个分类群和引入媒介的入侵物种建立
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Kashian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Davidson;A. Fusaro;R. Sturtevant;E. Rutherford;D. Kashian
对水生非本地物种风险的全面评估有助于成功开展监测和预防活动。然而，具体物种和病媒的信息往往有限，难以在一个单一的风险框架内加以综合。为了满足这一需求，我们开发了一个评估框架，能够估计潜在的引进，建立和水生非土著物种的影响，从不同的空间来源和分类学分类，在新的环境。我们的模型建立在以前的方法，同时采取跨物种，媒介和阶段的评估，以克服单一物种和单一媒介的评估所施加的限制的新的视角。我们将这个全球相关的框架应用于劳伦特五大湖，以确定其评估多个分类群和载体风险的能力。该案例研究包括67种水生物种，被NOAA的五大湖水生非土著物种信息系统（GLANSIS）确定为“观察名单物种”。媒介包括航运，搭便车/污损，未经授权的故意释放，逃离娱乐或商业文化，自然扩散。除了非洲和南极洲，我们发现了来自各大洲的潜在入侵者。在67个物种中，超过五分之一（21%）具有较高的引进潜力，超过60%具有中等的引进潜力。运输（72%）是最常见的潜在传入媒介，其次是未经授权的故意释放（25%），搭便车/污损（21%），传播（19%），放养/种植/逃离娱乐文化（13%）和逃离商业文化。使用一致的方法从一系列潜在媒介中评估各种水生非本土物种的能力对于比较引入、建立和影响的可能性至关重要。这一框架的设计简单明了，自然资源管理人员可以根据政策优先事项对其加以应用和修改。使用各种信息来源的能力有助于完成评估，尽管缺乏数据，往往困扰水生非本地物种的管理。
A thorough assessment of aquatic nonindigenous species’ risk facilitates successful monitoring and prevention activities. However, speciesand vector-specific information is often limited and difficult to synthesize across a single risk framework. To address this need, we developed an assessment framework capable of estimating the potential for introduction, establishment, and impact by aquatic nonindigenous species from diverse spatial origins and taxonomic classification, in novel environments. Our model builds on previous approaches, while taking on a new perspective for evaluation across species, vectors and stages to overcome the limitations imposed by single species and single vector assessments. We applied this globally-relevant framework to the Laurentian Great Lakes to determine its ability to evaluate risk across multiple taxa and vectors. This case study included 67 aquatic species, identified as “watchlist species” in NOAA’s Great Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System (GLANSIS). Vectors included shipping, hitchhiking/fouling, unauthorized intentional release, escape from recreational or commercial culture, and natural dispersal. We identified potential invaders from every continent but Africa and Antarctica. Of the 67 species, more than a fifth (21%) had a high potential for introduction and greater than 60% had a moderate potential for introduction. Shipping (72%) was the most common potential vector of introduction, followed by unauthorized intentional release (25%), hitchhiking/fouling (21%), dispersal (19%), stocking/planting/escape from recreational culture (13%), and escape from commercial culture. The ability to assess a variety of aquatic nonindigenous species from an array of potential vectors using a consistent methodology is essential for comparing likelihoods of introduction, establishment, and impact. The straightforward design of this framework will allow its application and modification according to policy priorities by natural resource managers. The ability to use a variety of information sources facilitates completion of assessments despite the paucity of data that often plagues aquatic nonindigenous species management.