The electrical significance of axon location diversity
The electrical significance of axon location diversity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.conb.2018.02.016
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Brette, Romain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kole, Maarten H. P.;Brette, Romain
轴突初始段 (AIS) 是近端轴突的一个独特区域，具有关键的电和结构作用，包括动作电位的启动和细胞极性的维持。最近的实验和理论进展表明，启动的解剖部位非常多样化。 AIS 位置不仅沿轴突轴向变化，而且轴突从胞体或近端树突中出现的情况也各不相同。在这里，我们回顾了 AIS 和轴突位置的多样性对电特性有重大影响的证据，并推测轴突位置的解剖异质性扩大了细胞类型内的突触整合并改善了神经回路中的信息处理。
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a unique domain of the proximal axon serving critical electrical and structural roles including the initiation of action potentials and maintenance of cellular polarity. Recent experimental and theoretical advances demonstrate that the anatomical site for initiation is remarkably diverse. The AIS location varies not only axially, along the axon, but axons also emerge variably from either the soma or proximal dendrites. Here, we review the evidence that the diversity of AIS and axon location has a substantial impact on the electrical properties and speculate that the anatomical heterogeneity of axon locations expands synaptic integration within cell types and improves information processing in neural circuits.