Biogenic Sources of Ice Nucleation Particles at the High Arctic Site Villum Research Station.
Biogenic Sources of Ice Nucleation Particles at the High Arctic Site Villum Research Station.
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高北极站点维勒姆研究站冰核颗粒的生物来源。
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.9b00991
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
H. Wex
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tina Šantl;R. Lange;D. Beddows;U. Rauter;S. Pilgaard;M. Dall’Osto;N. Gunde;A. Massling;H. Wex
北极地区的辐射平衡对云内过程很敏感，而云内过程主要取决于大气气溶胶，包括冰成核粒子（INP）。高温INP（在≥-15 ° C时活跃）在北极地区很常见。虽然实验室和有限的原位研究表明，高温活性INP与生物气溶胶和生物化合物有关，但对北极生物INP和生物气溶胶的定量研究仍然很少。我们在Villum研究站（VRS，站诺德）测量了大量雪（15）和空气（51）样本中的生物气溶胶，细菌和生物INP的浓度。我们发现，INP活跃在高零度以下的温度是目前在春季和夏季。空气中INP浓度在夏季（≥-10 ° C时为18 INPm-3）高于春季（≥-10 ° C时<4 INPm-3），而在降雪中则有大量的INP（≥-10 ° C时为1.4INPmL-1）。此外，在夏季，与春季相比，微生物和细菌细胞的数量显着增加。大部分（60%-100%）在-6播放C和-20播放C之间有活性的INP可以通过加热到100ºC而失活，这表明它们主要是蛋白质来源。此外，夏季空气中≥-10 ° C活性INP浓度与空气中细菌标记基因浓度之间存在显著的线性回归关系（p<0.0001，R2=0.999，n=6），表明细菌细胞是高温活性INP的来源。总之，大部分的INP是蛋白质，可能是细菌的起源，并发现在空气中在夏季和春季的降雪。
The radiative balance in the Arctic region is sensitive to in-cloud processes, which principally depend on atmospheric aerosols, including ice nucleating particles (INP). High temperature INP (active at ≥-15°C) are common in the Arctic. While laboratory and limited in situ studies show that the high-temperature active INP are associated with bioaerosols and biogenic compounds, there is still little quantitative insights into the Arctic biogenic INP and bioaerosols. We measured concentrations of bioaerosols, bacteria and biogenic INP at the Villum Research Station (VRS, Station Nord) in a large number of snow (15) and air (51) samples. We found that INP active at high sub-zero temperatures were present both in spring and summer. Air INP concentration were higher in summer (18 INP m-3 at ≥-10°C) than in spring (<4 INP m-3 at ≥-10°C), when abundant INP were found in snowfall (1.4 INP mL-1 at ≥-10°C). Also, in summer, a significantly higher number of microbial and bacterial cells were present compared to the spring. A large proportion (60%-100%) of INP that were active between -6ºC and -20ºC could be deactivated by heating to 100ºC, which was indicative of their predominantly proteinaceous origin. In addition, there was a significant linear regression between the summer air concentrations of INP active at ≥-10ºC and air concentration of bacterial-marker-genes (p<0.0001, R2=0.999, n=6), pointing at bacterial cells as the source of high-temperature active INP. In conclusion, the majority of INP was of proteinaceous, and possibly of bacterial origin, and was found in air during summer and in snowfall during springtime.
通过升华海冰上风吹的盐雪颗粒产生海盐气溶胶：参数化和相关的微物理机制
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Yang X
通讯作者：
Yang X