Putting oneself in the perspective of the other: A framework for self-other differentiation
Putting oneself in the perspective of the other: A framework for self-other differentiation
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DOI：
10.1080/17470910701563715
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Anquetil, Thierry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeannerod, Marc;Anquetil, Thierry
自我-他人区分要求一个人既能理解他人的行为，又能将这些行为归因于他人。理解意味着观察者的大脑可以对其他主体的行为进行完整的描述。归因意味着施动者可以清楚地与自我区分开来。因此，这里提出的自我-他人分化模型可以包括两个步骤：首先，我将自己置于我所观察的人的位置，以便确定她/他在空间中的位置。然后，我模拟我从那个人那里观察到的动作，以了解她/他在做什么。假设这两个操作或多或少是同步的，我模拟的动作会自动归因于我观察的人，而不是我自己。观察者大脑中的模拟网络与智能体大脑中的执行网络重叠;相比之下，旋转网络是观察者大脑特有的。在一项使用PET的神经成像实验中，我们比较了受试者在一项任务中的大脑活动，其中受试者从第一人称或第三人称视角模拟抓握物体的动作。这种比较显示，激活仅限于顶枕交界处（19区），这似乎是特定的第三人称视角。该区域的激活被认为是自我-他人分化的一个线索。
Self-other differentiation requires both that one can understand the actions others perform, and that one can attribute these actions to them. Understanding implies that a complete description of the actions of other agents can be available in the brain of the observer. Attributing implies that the agent can be clearly differentiated from the self. The model for the self-other differentiation proposed here can therefore involve two steps: I first displace myself at the location of the person I observe in order to specify her/his location in space. Then, I simulate the action I observe from that person in order to understand what she/he is doing. Assuming that the two operations are more or less synchronous, the action I simulate is automatically attributed to the person I observe, not to myself. The simulation network in the observer's brain overlaps with the execution network in the agent's brain; by contrast, the rotation network is specific to the observer's brain. In a neuroimaging experiment using PET, we compared brain activity during a task where the subjects simulated an action of grasping an object from either first-person or third-person perspectives. This comparison revealed an activation limited to the parieto-occipital junction (area 19), which appeared to be specific to the third-person perspective. The activation of this area is proposed to represent a cue for the self-other differentiation.