Diffusion, levelling, simplification and reallocation in past tense BE in the English Fens
Diffusion, levelling, simplification and reallocation in past tense BE in the English Fens
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英语 Fens 中过去时态 BE 的扩散、均衡、简化和重新分配
DOI：
10.1111/1467-9481.00175
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
D. Britain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Britain
在Trudgill（1986）提出的方言接触框架中，相对较少的研究探讨了英语不同语法系统混合的后果。表观时间调查的芬兰方言英格兰东部报道这里提供了一个例子，一系列的方言接触过程重新配置变量模式的过去式是，导致各种类比调平是在积极的情况下，“农场是”，并没有在否定句“农场不是”。在聚焦这是/不是模式时，可以观察到一些典型的koine ′ isation过程-扩散（一种语言形式从另一个社会地理位置的地理和/或社会传播），（在方言竞争的情况下消除标记形式或少数形式，其中输出中的变体数量从输入中的数量急剧减少），简化（语法不规则性和冗余的相对减少）和重新分配（方言混合的两个（或更多）成分变体被重新功能化，以服务于新的社会，文体或语法角色）。
In the dialect contact framework proposed by Trudgill (1986), relatively little research has investigated the consequences of the mixing of different grammatical systems of English. The apparent time survey of the Fenland dialect of eastern England reported here provides an example of a range of dialect contact processes reconfiguring variable patterns of past tense BE, resulting in a variety with analogical levelling to was in positive contexts –‘the farms was’– and to weren’t in negative clauses –‘the farm weren’t’. In focussing this was/weren’t pattern, a number of the processes typical of koine´isation can be observed –diffusion (the geographical and/or social spread of a linguistic form from another socio-geographical place), levelling (the eradication of marked or minority forms in situations of dialect competition, where the number of variants in the output is dramatically reduced from the number in the input), simplification (a relative diminution of grammatical irregularity and redundancy) and reallocation (where two (or more) ingredient variants of the dialect mix are refunctionalised to serve new social, stylistic, or, as here, grammatical roles).