Immunotoxicological effects of JP-8 jet fuel exposure
Immunotoxicological effects of JP-8 jet fuel exposure
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DOI：
10.1177/074823379701300104
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Witten, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harris, DT;Sakiestewa, D;Witten, M
已有研究表明，长期接触喷气燃料会对人体的肝功能产生不良影响，导致情绪障碍，导致脑电异常，导致注意力持续时间缩短，感觉运动速度减慢(3-5)。由于美国空军决定在其行动中广泛使用JP-8喷气燃料，彻底了解其对暴露人员的潜在影响是至关重要的，也是必要的。暴露于JP-8等潜在环境毒物可能会对宿主系统产生重大影响，而不仅仅是那些显而易见的影响(例如，生理学、心脏病学、呼吸系统等)；例如，免疫系统。免疫后果的重大变化，即使是短暂的，也可能对暴露的宿主产生严重后果，可能会影响对感染性病原体的易感性。持续的免疫功能的重大变化可能导致癌症和自身免疫性疾病的发生和/或进展的可能性增加。在当前的研究中，小鼠每天暴露在不同浓度的雾化JP-8喷气燃料中7天，以模拟职业暴露。在最后一次暴露24小时后，对小鼠的免疫系统的影响进行了分析。据观察，即使暴露浓度低至100毫克/立方米(3)，也会对免疫系统产生有害影响。活的免疫细胞数量和免疫器官重量都减少了。喷气燃料暴露会导致不同免疫细胞亚群的损失，具体取决于被检查的免疫器官。此外，通过有丝分裂试验分析，JP-8暴露导致免疫功能显著下降。抑制的免疫功能不能通过添加刺激免疫功能的外源生长因子来克服，因此，短期、低浓度暴露于JP-8喷气燃料对小鼠的免疫系统产生了显著的毒理学影响。看来，免疫系统可能是JP-8暴露造成的毒理学损害的最敏感指标，因为在喷气燃料浓度下可以看到影响，而在其他生物系统中没有明显变化。这种变化可能会对受影响个人的健康产生重大影响。
Chronic exposure to jet fuel has been shown to have adverse effects on human liver function, to cause emotional dysfunction, to cause abnormal electroencephalograms, to cause shortened attention spans, and to decrease sensorimotor speed (3-5). Due to the decision by the United States Air Force to implement the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is both critical and necessary. Exposure to potential environmental toxicants such as JP-8 may have significant effects on host systems beyond those readily visible (e.g., physiology, cardiology, respiratory, etc.); e.g., the immune system. Significant changes in immune consequences, even if short-lived, may have serious consequences for the exposed host that may impinge affect susceptibility to infectious agents. Major alterations in immune function that are long-lasting may result in an increased likelihood of development and/or progression of cancer as well as autoimmune diseases.In the current study mice were exposed for 1 h/day for 7 days to varying concentrations of aerosolized JP-8 jet fuel to simulate occupational exposures. Twenty-four hours after the last exposure the mice were analyzed for effects on their immune systems. It was observed that even at exposure concentrations as low as 100 mg/m(3) detrimental effects on the immune system occurred. Decreases in viable immune cell numbers and immune organ weights were found. Jet fuel exposure resulted in losses of different immune cell subpopulations depending upon the immune organ being examined. Further, JP-8 exposure resulted in significantly decreased immune function, as analyzed by mitogenesis assays. Suppressed immune function could not be overcome by the addition of exogenous growth factors known to stimulate immune function.Thus, short-term, low concentration exposure of mice of JP-8 jet fuel caused significant toxicological effects on the immune system. It appears that the immune system may be the most sensitive indicator of toxicological damage due to JP-8 exposure, as effects were seen at concentrations of jet fuel that did not evidence change in other biological systems. Such changes may have significant effects on the health of the exposed individual.