Modelling Moral Reasoning and Ethical Responsibility with Logic Programming
Modelling Moral Reasoning and Ethical Responsibility with Logic Programming
复制标题
使用逻辑编程建模道德推理和道德责任
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-662-48899-7_37
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Ganascia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fiona Berreby;Gauvain Bourgne;J. Ganascia
在本文中，我们研究了使用高层次的行动语言表示和推理道德责任的目标规范域。首先，我们提出了一个简化的事件演算制定为一个逻辑程序下的稳定模型语义，以表示情况下的答案集编程。其次，我们引入了一个模型的因果关系，使我们能够使用一个答案集求解器来执行推理代理的道德责任。然后，我们扩展和测试这个框架对电车问题和双重效果的学说。该文件的总体目标是提出一个通用的和适应性强的正式语言，可以在各种道德的情况下，代理人的责任必须进行审查，并确定他们的选择。我们的基本目标是将道德推理的负担从程序员转移到程序本身，远离当前的计算伦理学，这些伦理学太容易将道德推理嵌入计算引擎中，从而提供无法真正代表潜在动态的原子答案。
In this paper, we investigate the use of high-level action languages for representing and reasoning about ethical responsibility in goal specification domains. First, we present a simplified Event Calculus formulated as a logic program under the stable model semantics in order to represent situations within Answer Set Programming. Second, we introduce a model of causality that allows us to use an answer set solver to perform reasoning over the agent's ethical responsibility. We then extend and test this framework against the Trolley Problem and the Doctrine of Double Effect. The overarching aim of the paper is to propose a general and adaptable formal language that may be employed over a variety of ethical scenarios in which the agent's responsibility must be examined and their choices determined. Our fundamental ambition is to displace the burden of moral reasoning from the programmer to the program itself, moving away from current computational ethics that too easily embed moral reasoning within computational engines, thereby feeding atomic answers that fail to truly represent underlying dynamics.