Historic American Apple Cultivars: Identification and Availability
Historic American Apple Cultivars: Identification and Availability
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历史悠久的美国苹果品种：鉴定和可用性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Henk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Volk;A. Henk
一辆BSTRACT。苹果(Malus Mill.)在北美几个世纪以来一直具有重要的经济和社会意义。苹果品种(Malus·home tica Borkh.)包括历史栽培品种的收藏因其独特的多样性、历史意义和识别未知树木的资源而有价值；然而，并不是所有具有历史意义的苹果栽培品种目前都被包括在这些收藏中。我们利用历史书籍、出版物和苗圃目录开发了一份1908年之前在美国繁殖和种植的苹果品种的清单。我们收集了891个苹果历史品种的同义词、引种日期和原产地信息。大多数历史悠久的美国品种起源于fi第一次在美国种植的幼苗。有些品种是从英国、法国、俄罗斯、德国和其他欧洲国家引进美国的。我们对历史悠久的苹果品种进行了fi分类，依据的是它们随时间推移的可用性和在苗圃目录中的受欢迎程度。2015年，美国90%最受欢迎的历史苹果品种在美国和英国的国家收藏以及几个商业和私人收藏中都能买到。这项工作确定了fi高优先级的历史品种，这些品种目前没有受到基因库的保护，将来可以添加到基因库的收藏品中。‘’它
A BSTRACT . Apples ( Malus Mill.) have been economically and socially important throughout the centuries in North America. Apple cultivar ( Malus · domestica Borkh.) collections that include historic cultivars are valued for their unique diversity, historical significance, and also as a resource to identify unknown trees; however, not all of the historically significant apple cultivars are currently included in these collections. We used historic books, publications, and nursery catalogs to develop an inventory of apple cultivars that were propagated and grown in the United States before 1908. We collected synonym, introduction date, and original source country information for 891 historic apple cultivars. Most of the historic American cultivars originated as seedlings first planted in the United States. Some cultivars were brought to the United States from the United Kingdom, France, Russia, Germany, and other European countries. We classified historic apple cultivars based on their availability over time and popularity in nursery catalogs. Ninety percent of the most popular historic apple cultivars in the United States were available in 2015 in the U.S. and U.K. national collections and within several commercial and private collections. This work identified high priority historic cultivars that are not currently protected within genebanks that could be added to genebank collections in the future. ‘‘It