Voice/mouth synthesis and tactual/visual perception of /pa, ba, ma/.
Voice/mouth synthesis and tactual/visual perception of /pa, ba, ma/.
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/pa、ba、ma/ 的声音/嘴巴合成和触觉/视觉感知。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
C. Filippo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. P. Erber;C. Filippo
发声的起始相对于可见发音的起始是唇读者识别鼻音/塞音辅音的潜在线索。选择双唇辅音/p、B、m/进行研究是因为它们的高可见性和易于光学合成。牙齿后面的光电晶体管和外部麦克风分别指示开口和声音开始，以测量自然语音中两个线索的相对时间。10名成人的平均发音导联如下：/ma/，+66 ms; /ba/，-1 ms; /pa/，-58 ms（/ma-ba/发音边界，+28 ms; /ba-pa/发音边界，-18 ms）。为了测试声音开始和张嘴的相对时间作为潜在的感知线索，我们制作了合成的“音节”：面部替代品是示波器图案，形成250，400或550 ms的嘴形;声音替代品是通过手持振动器传递的元音样嗡嗡声。嗡嗡声伴随着从+200到-200毫秒（40毫秒的步长）的开口时间，并同时结束。
The onset of voicing relative to onset of visible articulation is a potential cue for lipreaders to recognize nasal/stop consonants. The bilabial consonants /p, b, m/ were selected for study because of their high visibility and ease of optical synthesis. A phototransistor behind the teeth and an external microphone indicated mouth opening and voice onset, respectively, to measure relative timing of the two cues in natural speech. Average voicing leads for ten adults were the following: /ma/, +66 ms; /ba/, −1 ms; /pa/, −58 ms (/ma–ba/ articulatory boundary, +28 ms; /ba–pa/ articulatory boundary, −18 ms). To test relative timing of voice onset and mouth opening as a potential perceptual cue, we produced synthetic ’’syllables’’: The face substitute was an oscilloscope pattern, forming a mouth shape for 250, 400, or 550 ms; the voice substitute was a vowel‐like buzz delivered through a hand‐held vibrator. Buzz accompanied mouth opening with lead times of from +200 to −200 ms (40‐ms steps), and ended simultane...