Conservation and Management of Forest Resources in India: Ancient and Current Perspectives
Conservation and Management of Forest Resources in India: Ancient and Current Perspectives
复制标题
印度森林资源的保护和管理：古代和当前的观点
DOI：
10.4236/nr.2015.64023
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Nautiyal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. S. U. Babu;S. Nautiyal
从古代到现代，自然资源的存在、管理、侵蚀权等问题都有其存在的原因。森林和森林产品等自然资源被认为是生物体在初期生存的基本来源。后来，由于人类活动的增加，自然资源开始缓慢而稳定地退化。起初，自然资源是农业、工业、城市化等增长的主要资产，随后，人类活动的增加开始通过扩大农业用地和该国的其他发展活动大规模地降低森林覆盖率。在现代印度，有关资源保护、保护圣沟、濒危物种等传统知识的重要性开始下降。资源保护和利用的创新性和政策框架变得不友好，社区管理逐渐衰落。该研究的主要结论指出，在促进和管理森林、人类福利、农业、畜牧业等方面，各职能部门和机构之间存在着重大差距。从观察和实际的角度来看，印度的自然资源一直在迅速减少。因此，本研究强烈建议，应适当注意发展对人民友好和环境友好的保护战略。
This paper brings out the issues related to natural resource exists, management and erosion right from the ancient to modern era. The natural resource such as forests and forest products were found as a basic source of survival for living organisms during the initial period. Later, the natural resources started degrading slowly and steadily due to increased human activities. In the beginning, natural resources were the primary assets for the growth of agriculture, industry, urbanization etc. Subsequently, increased anthropogenic activities started degrading the forest cover on a large scale through extending the agricultural land scape and other developmental activities in the country. The importance of traditional knowledge regarding resource conservation, protection of sacred grooves, endangered species etc. started declining in modern India. Innovativeness and policy framework for resource conservation and utilization became unfriendly in addition to gradual decline of community management. The key findings of the study point to major gaps existing such as between line departments and institutions in the promotion and management of forests, human welfare, agriculture, animal husbandry etc. Moreover, people tend to be more inclined towards the utilization of natural resources rather than conservation. From an observational and practical point of view, the natural resource has been declining rapidly in India. Therefore, this study strongly suggests that a due attention be directed towards developing people-friendly and environment friendly conservation strategies.