How polycentric is a monocentric city? Centers, spillovers and hysteresis
How polycentric is a monocentric city? Centers, spillovers and hysteresis
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DOI：
10.1093/jeg/lbs013
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Wendland, Nicolai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahlfeldt, Gabriel M.;Wendland, Nicolai
我们评估了在运输成本下降和产业转型的环境中，企业在多大程度上重视靠近历史性中央商务区（CBD）和集聚经济的好处。从古典竞租理论和企业间溢出驱动经济活动集群的世界的混合视角来看，德国的柏林（1890 - 1936年）就是一个很好的例子。我们的研究结果表明，在研究期间，企业间溢出效应加倍的平均生产率效应从3.5%增加到8.3%。随着城市向服务型经济转型，出现了几个微型聚集区。它们靠近CBD的位置仍然使城市看起来大致单一。这与滞后效应相一致，即第二自然地理驱动着历史城市中心的持续力量，即使最初相关的第一自然地理的重要性已经消失。
We assess the extent to which firms in an environment of decreasing transport costs and industrial transformation value the benefits of proximity to a historic central business district (CBD) and agglomeration economies in their location decisions. Taking a hybrid perspective of classical bid-rent theory and a world where clustering of economic activity is driven by between-firm spillovers, Berlin, Germany, from 1890 to 1936 serves as a case in point. Our results suggest that the average productivity effect of a doubling of between-firm spillovers over the study period increases from 3.5% to 8.3%. As the city transforms into a service-based economy, several micro-agglomerations emerge. Their locations close to the CBD still make the city look roughly monocentric. This is in line with a hysteresis effect in which second-nature geography drives the ongoing strength of a historic city center even though the importance of the originally relevant first-nature geography has vanished.