A CA1 circuit motif that signals the start of information integration.
A CA1 circuit motif that signals the start of information integration.
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CA1 电路基序标志着信息整合的开始。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.03.12.532295
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang,Yingxue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heldman,Raphael;Pang,Dongyan;Zhao,Xiaoliang;Wang,Yingxue
为了有效地在环境中导航，动物经常整合距离或时间信息来寻找食物和躲避威胁。这种整合过程被认为与海马神经元有关，海马神经元在特定的距离或时间放电。利用虚拟现实环境，我们发现了CA1锥体神经元的两个以前未知的功能亚群，它们通过一种新的两相编码机制编码距离或时间。第一个亚种群表现出集体活动的增加，在相似的时间达到顶峰，标志着整合的开始；随后，由于非均匀衰减率，单个神经元的放电速率逐渐分化，从而实现时间编码。相比之下，第二亚种群在逐渐增加之前，其活动开始减少。闭环光遗传学实验表明，灭活生长抑素阳性（SST）中间神经元会破坏第一个亚群，从而损害整合的准确性，而灭活小蛋白阳性（PV）中间神经元会破坏第二个亚群，从而损害整合启动过程中的行为。这些发现支持了SST中间神经元建立整合窗口，而PV中间神经元产生重置以重新启动整合的结论。这项研究阐明了促进距离或时间整合不同方面的平行神经回路，为导航和记忆编码的计算提供了新的见解。
To navigate their environments effectively, animals frequently integrate distance or time information to seek food and avoid threats. This integration process is thought to engage hippocampal neurons that fire at specific distances or times. Using virtual-reality environments, we uncovered two previously unknown functional subpopulations of CA1 pyramidal neurons that encode distance or time through a novel two-phase coding mechanism. The first subpopulation exhibits a collective increase in activity that peaks at similar times, marking the onset of integration; subsequently, individual neurons gradually diverge in their firing rates due to heterogeneous decay rates, enabling time encoding. In contrast, the second subpopulation initially decreases its activity before gradually ramping up. Closed-loop optogenetic experiments revealed that inactivating somatostatin-positive (SST) interneurons disrupts the first subpopulation, behaviorally impairing integration accuracy, while inactivating parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons disrupts the second subpopulation, impairing behavior during integration initiation. These findings support the conclusion that SST interneurons establish an integration window, while PV interneurons generate a reset to reinitiate integration. This study elucidates parallel neural circuits that facilitate distinct aspects of distance or time integration, offering new insights into the computations underlying navigation and memory encoding.