Children's refractions and visual activities in the school year and summer.
Children's refractions and visual activities in the school year and summer.
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学年和夏季儿童的屈光和视觉活动。
DOI：
10.1097/opx.0b013e3181da8a85
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发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Thorn F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deng L;Gwiazda J;Thorn F
目的：探讨儿童屈光不正与学年及暑假（6、7、8月）视力活动的关系。1999年，147名年龄在6-18岁的孩子的父母参加了一项关于折射和视觉功能的纵向研究，他们填写了一份问卷，列出了孩子们每周在校外读书、学习、看电视、玩电脑/玩视频游戏以及参加体育/户外活动的时间。他们还在暑假期间为这些活动提供了时间。每年通过非睫状体麻痹距离视网膜镜检查屈光度。近视是指在调查时近视（球面等效值< - 0.5D），非近视（SER>= - 0.5D）在调查时近视或少数远视。在学年期间，近视学生的运动/户外活动时间（8.25±6.25小时/周）明显少于非近视学生（10.95±5.95小时/周）（p<0.05）。此外，近视组（12.78±9.28小时/周）比非近视组（8.91±5.95小时/周）看电视时间多（p=0.02）。其他活动没有发现明显的屈光组差异。在暑假期间，屈光组之间在任何视觉活动时间都没有发现显著差异。体育/户外活动与看电视时间之间没有显著的相关性。总体而言，夏季活动时间与学校活动时间差异最大的是户外活动时间（21.76±13.80小时/周vs.10.34±6.10小时/周，p<0.001）和学习时间（1.69±3.71小时/周vs. 9.51±6.96小时/周，p<0.001）。与其他研究一致的是，非近视的学生在学校有更多的运动/户外活动时间，这可能会防止近视的发展。一项新的研究发现，在暑假期间，近视和非近视儿童的运动/户外活动时间都很长，这可能是导致所有儿童在这三个月里眼睛发育缓慢的原因。
To investigate the association of children’s refractive errors with their visual activities assessed by questionnaire in the school year and summer break (June, July and August). The parents of 147 children aged 6–18 years participating in a longitudinal study of refraction and visual function filled out a questionnaire in 1999 listing the number of weekly hours outside of school that the children read for pleasure, studied, watched TV, used the computer/played video games, and engaged in sports/outdoor activities. They also provided hours for these activities during the summer break. Refractions were measured annually by non-cycloplegic distance retinoscopy. Myopes refer to subjects who were myopic (spherical equivalent< −0.5D) at the time of the survey and non-myopes (SER>= −0.5D) were emmetropic or in a few cases hyperopic at survey time. During the school year, myopes spent significantly fewer hours (8.25±6.25 hours/week) than non-myopes (10.95±5.95 hours/week) in sports/outdoor activity (p<0.05). In addition, myopes (12.78±9.28 hours/week) watched more television than non-myopes (8.91±5.95 hours/week) (p=0.02). No significant refractive group differences were found for other activities. During the summer break, no significant differences were found between refractive groups in any visual activity times. No significant correlations between sports/outdoor activity and TV time were found. Overall, the biggest differences between summer and school activity times were found in outdoor activity (21.76±13.80 vs.10.34±6.10 hours/week; p<0.001) and studying (1.69±3.71 vs. 9.51± 6.96 hours/week; p<0.001). In agreement with other studies, the non-myopes had more hours of sports/outdoor activity during the school year, which may protect against myopia development. A new finding is the high number of sports/outdoor activity hours for both myopes and non-myopes during the summer break, which may contribute to slowed eye growth in all children during these three months.