Neural Correlates of Response Inhibition and Cigarette Smoking in Late Adolescence
Neural Correlates of Response Inhibition and Cigarette Smoking in Late Adolescence
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2010.235
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
London, Edythe D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galvan, Adriana;Poldrack, Russell A.;London, Edythe D.
吸烟通常始于青春期，是美国主要的可预防死亡原因。然而，人们对青少年吸烟者吸烟与神经生物学功能之间的联系知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨前额叶皮质功能在晚期青少年吸烟者，使用反应抑制任务，并评估抑制相关的大脑活动，吸烟行为的临床特征，暴露于香烟吸烟之间的可能关系。这项研究的参与者是健康的晚期青少年吸烟者（15 - 21岁; n = 25），他们在测试前至少6个月每天吸烟，以及年龄和教育匹配的非吸烟者（16 - 21岁; n = 25），他们一生中吸烟少于5支。受试者进行停止信号任务，同时进行功能性磁共振成像。在反应抑制过程中，前额叶皮层活动没有显著的组间差异，但吸烟指数（衡量吸烟行为和依赖性的指标）与吸烟者皮层区域的神经功能呈负相关。这些发现表明，吸烟可以调节前额叶皮质功能。鉴于前额叶皮层的发育较晚，一直持续到青春期，吸烟可能会影响这一关键发育时期的大脑发育轨迹。Neuropsychopharmacology（2011）36，970 - 978; doi：10.1038/npp.2010.235; 2011年1月26日在线发表
Smoking is usually initiated in adolescence, and is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Little is known, however, about the links between smoking and neurobiological function in adolescent smokers. This study aimed to probe prefrontal cortical function in late adolescent smokers, using a response inhibition task, and to assess possible relationships between inhibition-related brain activity, clinical features of smoking behavior, and exposure to cigarette smoking. Participants in this study were otherwise healthy late adolescent smokers (15-21 years of age; n = 25), who reported daily smoking for at least the 6 months before testing, and age-and education-matched nonsmokers (16-21 years of age; n = 25), who each reported smoking fewer than five cigarettes in their lifetimes. The subjects performed the Stop-signal Task, while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. There were no significant group differences in prefrontal cortical activity during response inhibition, but the Heaviness of Smoking Index, a measure of smoking behavior and dependence, was negatively related to neural function in cortical regions of the smokers. These findings suggest that smoking can modulate prefrontal cortical function. Given the late development of the prefrontal cortex, which continues through adolescence, it is possible that smoking may influence the trajectory of brain development during this critical developmental period. Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 36, 970-978; doi:10.1038/npp.2010.235; published online 26 January 2011