Levels, Patterns, and Biomagnification Potential of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in a Terrestrial Food Chain in a Nordic Skiing Area
Levels, Patterns, and Biomagnification Potential of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in a Terrestrial Food Chain in a Nordic Skiing Area
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.9b02533
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发表时间：
2019-11-19
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Krokje, Ase
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gronnestad, Randi;Vazquez, Berta Perez;Krokje, Ase
全氟烷基物质(PFAS)用于广泛的消费品，包括滑雪产品，如滑雪蜡。然而，关于全氟辛烷磺酸从这类产品释放到环境中以及由此在生物群中的吸收和食物网中的运输方面的知识有限。我们调查了来自挪威特隆赫姆滑雪场的土壤、蚯蚓(Eisenia Fetida)和银行田鼠(Myodes Glreolus)中全氟辛烷磺酸的水平、模式和生物放大作用。一般来说，与没有滑雪活动的参照区相比，滑雪区的全氟辛烷磺酸水平较高。滑雪区以长链全氟羧酸(>；=70%)为主，而参照区以短链全氟羧酸(>；60%)为主。滑雪区土壤中的PFAS模式与分析的滑雪蜡具有可比性，表明滑雪产品是滑雪区PFAS的重要来源。在滑雪区检测到全氟辛烷磺酸盐对岸鼠(全)/蚯蚓(全)的生物放大因子(BMF；1)。所有其他的全氟辛烷磺酸都显示出BMF<；1。然而，应该指出的是，这些生物代表着陆地食物链的基础，而从滑雪蜡中提取的全氟辛烷磺酸可能会导致食物链顶端的生物体暴露在更高的水平。
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are used in a wide range of consumer products, including ski products, such as ski waxes. However, there is limited knowledge on the release of PFASs from such products into the environment and the resultant uptake in biota and transport in food webs. We investigated levels, patterns, and biomagnification of PFASs in soil, earthworms (Eisenia fetida), and Bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from a skiing area in Trondheim, Norway. In general, there was higher PFAS levels in the skiing area compared to the reference area with no skiing activities. The skiing area was dominated by long-chained perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs, >= 70%), while the reference area was dominated by short-chained PFCAs (>60%). The soil PFAS pattern in the skiing area was comparable to analyzed ski waxes, indicating that ski products are important sources of PFASs in the skiing area. A biomagnification factor (BMF) > 1 was detected for Bank vole(whole)/earthworm(whole) for perfluorooctansulfonate in the skiing area. All other PFASs showed a BMF < 1. However, it should be noted that these organisms represent the base of the terrestrial food web, and PFASs originating from ski wax may result to higher exposure in organisms at the top of the food chain.