Classical HDACs in the regulation of neuroinflammation
Classical HDACs in the regulation of neuroinflammation
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经典 HDAC 在神经炎症调节中的作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105182
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发表时间：
2021-09-24
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Dai, Haibin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dai, Yunjian;Wei, Taofeng;Dai, Haibin
神经炎症是各种神经系统疾病（脑损伤、抑郁症、神经退行性疾病）病理学的关键因素。这是一个复杂而有序的过程，依赖于各种类型的神经胶质细胞和外周免疫细胞。抑制神经炎症可以减轻神经系统疾病的严重程度。炎症的发生、发展和终止需要基因激活、表观遗传修饰、转录翻译和翻译后调控，所有这些都受到不同酶的严格调控。表观遗传学是指表观遗传变化（DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA如miRNA）对表观遗传基因表达的调节，这些变化不依赖于基因序列的变化，并且是可遗传的。组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC）是一组重要的表观遗传调控酶。它们可以去除靶蛋白赖氨酸ε-氨基上的乙酰基，从而影响基因转录或改变蛋白质活性。HDAC参与免疫和炎症的调节。HDAC抑制剂（HDACi）也成为抗炎药物研究的新热点。本文就不同HDACs在神经炎症中的作用和机制以及HDACi在神经系统疾病中的作用进行综述，为今后神经炎症相关疾病的研究和药物开发提供新的思路。
Neuroinflammation is a key factor of the pathology of various neurological diseases (brain injury, depression, neurodegenerative diseases). It is a complex and orderly process that relies on various types of glial cells and peripheral immune cells. Inhibition of neuroinflammation can reduce the severity of neurological diseases. The initiation, progression, and termination of inflammation require gene activation, epigenetic modification, transcriptional translation, and post-translational regulation, all of which are tightly regulated by different enzymes. Epigenetics refers to the regulation of epigenetic gene expression by epigenetic changes (DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs such as miRNA) that are not dependent on changes in gene sequence and are heritable. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of important enzymes that regulate epigenetics. They can remove the acetyl group on the lysine epsilon-amino group of the target protein, thereby affecting gene transcription or altering protein activity. HDACs are involved in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) has also become a new hotspot in the research of anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, the aim of the current review is to discuss and summarize the role and mechanism of different HDACs in neuroinflammation and the corresponding role of HDACi in neurological diseases, and to providing new ideas for future research on neuroinflammation-related diseases and drug development.