Cervicovaginal levels of lactoferrin, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, and RANTES and the effects of coexisting vaginoses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative women with a high risk of heterosexual acquisition of HIV infection
Cervicovaginal levels of lactoferrin, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, and RANTES and the effects of coexisting vaginoses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative women with a high risk of heterosexual acquisition of HIV infection
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DOI：
10.1128/cvi.00386-06
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Landay, Alan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Novak, Richard M.;Donoval, Betty A.;Landay, Alan
粘膜分泌物中的天然免疫因子可能影响人类免疫缺陷病毒I型（HIV-1）的传播。本研究检查了三个这样的因素，生殖道乳铁蛋白[Lf]，分泌性白细胞蛋白酶抑制剂[SLPI]和RANTES的水平，在妇女获得艾滋病毒感染的风险，以及辅因子，可能与他们的存在。符合既定标准的HIV感染高风险女性（n = 62）和低风险对照（n = 33）接受宫颈阴道灌洗（CVL），并对CVL液体样本进行Lf和SLPI分析。分别对26和10个样本的亚组进行RANTES测定。同时对同时存在的性传播感染和阴道病进行了评估，并收集了详细的行为信息。Lf水平在高风险组（平均204 ng/ml）高于低风险组（平均160 ng/ml，P = 0.007），但SLPI水平无差异，RANTES水平仅在最高风险亚组中较高。Lf仅与CVL液中白细胞的存在呈正相关（P < 0.0001）。有细菌性阴道病[BV]的妇女SLPI水平低于无BV的妇女（P = 0.04）。BV治疗降低了RANTES水平（P = 0.05）。本研究无法确定这三个辅助因素对妇女艾滋病毒传播的影响（如果有的话）。在高风险女性中观察到的较高Lf浓度与白细胞的存在密切相关，表明白细胞来源，并与高风险组中更大的生殖道炎症一致。BV感染期间SLPI水平降低与HIV感染风险增加一致，HIV感染风险增加与BV相关。然而，在BV治疗后，高风险女性的高风险子集中增加的RANTES水平降低。
Innate immune factors in mucosal secretions may influence human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) transmission. This study examined the levels of three such factors, genital tract lactoferrin [Lf], secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor [SLPI], and RANTES, in women at risk for acquiring HIV infection, as well as cofactors that may be associated with their presence. Women at high risk for HIV infection meeting established criteria (n = 62) and low-risk controls (n = 33) underwent cervicovaginal lavage (CVL), and the CVL fluid samples were assayed for Lf and SLPI. Subsets of 26 and 10 samples, respectively, were assayed for RANTES. Coexisting sexually transmitted infections and vaginoses were also assessed, and detailed behavioral information was collected. Lf levels were higher in high-risk (mean, 204 ng/ml) versus low-risk (mean, 160 ng/ml, P = 0.007) women, but SLPI levels did not differ, and RANTES levels were higher in only the highest-risk subset. Lf was positively associated only with the presence of leukocytes in the CVL fluid (P < 0.0001). SLPI levels were lower in women with bacterial vaginosis [BV] than in those without BV (P = 0.04). Treatment of BV reduced RANTES levels (P = 0.05). The influence, if any, of these three cofactors on HIV transmission in women cannot be determined from this study. The higher Lf concentrations observed in high-risk women were strongly associated with the presence of leukocytes, suggesting a leukocyte source and consistent with greater genital tract inflammation in the high-risk group. Reduced SLPI levels during BV infection are consistent with an increased risk of HIV infection, which has been associated with BV. However, the increased RANTES levels in a higher-risk subset of high-risk women were reduced after BV treatment.