Perceptual consequences of interocular differences in the duration of temporal integration.
Perceptual consequences of interocular differences in the duration of temporal integration.
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DOI：
10.1167/jov.22.12.12
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发表时间：
2022-11-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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眼睛之间视觉信息处理的时间差异会导致对运动和深度的严重误解。两眼之间的处理延迟导致Pulfrich效应：额状面中的振荡目标被误认为是沿着沿着近椭圆运动轨迹在深度上移动（Pulfrich，1922）。在这里，我们解释了以前报道的，但了解甚少的变体：异常Pulfrich效应。当这种变体被感知时，虚幻的运动轨迹似乎在深度上朝向左侧或右侧，而不是与真实的运动方向对齐。我们的数据表明，这种感知到的错位是由于神经时间整合期的眼间差异，而不是延迟的眼间差异。对于振荡运动，时间积分持续时间的差异抑制了一只眼睛相对于另一只眼睛的有效运动幅度。在立体表面取向感知中的几何效应的动态模拟中（Ogle，1950），不同的运动幅度导致运动轨迹的感知错误取向。强迫选择的心理物理实验，进行了不同的空间频率和不同的运动阻尼在两个眼睛表明，感知的深度方向错误与眼睛有较大的运动阻尼。一个目标跟踪实验提供了更直接的证据表明，异常Pulfrich效应是由眼间的时间整合和延迟的差异。这些发现突出了感觉处理的时间差异对视觉系统造成的计算障碍。未来的工作将探索视觉系统如何克服这些挑战，以实现准确的感知。
Temporal differences in visual information processing between the eyes can cause dramatic misperceptions of motion and depth. Processing delays between the eyes cause the Pulfrich effect: oscillating targets in the frontal plane are misperceived as moving along near-elliptical motion trajectories in depth (Pulfrich, 1922). Here, we explain a previously reported but poorly understood variant: the anomalous Pulfrich effect. When this variant is perceived, the illusory motion trajectory appears oriented left- or right-side back in depth, rather than aligned with the true direction of motion. Our data indicate that this perceived misalignment is due to interocular differences in neural temporal integration periods, as opposed to interocular differences in delay. For oscillating motion, differences in the duration of temporal integration dampen the effective motion amplitude in one eye relative to the other. In a dynamic analog of the Geometric effect in stereo-surface-orientation perception (Ogle, 1950), the different motion amplitudes cause the perceived misorientation of the motion trajectories. Forced-choice psychophysical experiments, conducted with both different spatial frequencies and different onscreen motion damping in the two eyes show that the perceived misorientation in depth is associated with the eye having greater motion damping. A target-tracking experiment provided more direct evidence that the anomalous Pulfrich effect is caused by interocular differences in temporal integration and delay. These findings highlight the computational hurdles posed to the visual system by temporal differences in sensory processing. Future work will explore how the visual system overcomes these challenges to achieve accurate perception.
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