Anomalous bodily experiences and perceived social isolation in schizophrenia: An extension of the Social Deafferentation Hypothesis
Anomalous bodily experiences and perceived social isolation in schizophrenia: An extension of the Social Deafferentation Hypothesis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2016.06.013
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Park, Sohee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michael, Jamie;Park, Sohee
背景：身体自我的干扰是精神分裂症个体现象学体验的基础，精神分裂症是一个面临社会孤立风险的人群。本体感觉和外部感觉都有助于形成一种一致的身体边界感，这种感觉包含着跨越时间和空间的自我，这一过程受到自我-他人(社会)互动的影响。然而，社会隔离、外部感觉和身体表征的瞬间变化之间的关系还没有被阐明。我们研究了幻鼻诱导程序引起的鼻子正在改变的感觉(匹诺曹错觉：PI)与外感意识和社会隔离之间的异常身体体验的敏感性。方法：25名精神分裂症患者(SZ)和15名匹配的对照组(CO)参加了PI诱导程序以量化对身体偏差的敏感性，并使用触觉辨别任务来评估外部感觉。对SZ患者的临床症状和CO患者的分裂类型进行评估，并采用自评社交隔离量表。结果：与CO患者相比，SZ患者的PI增加，触觉辨别能力降低。SZ报告的孤独感比CO更强。PI得分与孤独感增加和触觉辨别能力降低相关。结论：个体对异常身体体验的敏感性增加，外感意识降低和孤独感增加，符合霍夫曼的社会去传入假说的框架，该假说假设一个人从社会环境中功能性地“截肢”可能导致社会大脑网络的重组，导致幻觉和妄想。这些发现强调了精神分裂症患者社交孤立和自我扰乱之间关系的重要性。(C)2016爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Background: Disturbances of the bodily self are fundamental to the phenomenological experience of individuals with schizophrenia, a population at risk for social isolation. Both proprioception and exteroception contribute to a sense of consistent body boundary that contains the self across time and space, and this process is influenced by self-other (social) interactions. However, the relationship between social isolation, exteroception, and in-the-moment changes in body representation has not been elucidated. We investigated susceptibility to anomalous bodily experiences with a phantom nose induction procedure that elicits a sensation that one's nose is changing (Pinocchio Illusion: PI) in relation to exteroceptive awareness and social isolation.Methods: 25 individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) and 15 matched controls (CO) participated in a PI induction procedure to quantify susceptibility to bodily aberrations and a tactile discrimination task to assess exteroception. Clinical symptoms in SZ and schizotypy in CO were assessed, in addition to a self-report measure of perceived social isolation.Results: Compared to CO, SZ showed increased PI and impaired tactile discriminability. SZ reported greater loneliness than CO. PI scores were correlated with increased loneliness and decreased tactile discriminability.Conclusions: Greater susceptibility to anomalous bodily experiences, together with reduced exteroceptive awareness and increased loneliness, is compatible with the framework of Hoffman's Social Deafferentation Hypothesis, which posits that a functional "amputation" from one's social environment could lead to a reorganization of the social brain network, resulting in hallucinations and delusions. These findings underscore the importance of the relationship between social isolation and self-disturbances in schizophrenia. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.