Role of Selenium on Calcium Signaling and Oxidative Stress-induced Molecular Pathways in Epilepsy
Role of Selenium on Calcium Signaling and Oxidative Stress-induced Molecular Pathways in Epilepsy
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DOI：
10.1007/s11064-009-0015-8
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Naziroglu, Mustafa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Naziroglu, Mustafa
癫痫是人类已知的最古老的神经系统疾病之一。众所周知，氧化应激和活性氧的产生是癫痫发作的原因和后果。尽管近年来在硒的分子生物学和代谢方面取得了巨大的进展，但我们对硒及其衍生物在癫痫患者和实验动物大脑中的细胞类型特异性和时间模式仍知之甚少。有研究表明，一些抗癫痫药物如丙戊酸会降低机体硒水平和硒依赖性谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性，而一种新的癫痫药物托吡酯能激活癫痫动物和人体内的GSH-Px活性。最近发表的一项观察结果表明，与对照组相比，癫痫患者和动物的血液或组织中硒水平和GSH-Px活性较低，这可能支持硒水平和GSH-Px活性在癫痫发病机制中的重要作用。硒被结合到一类有趣的分子中，称为硒蛋白，它含有修饰的氨基酸，硒半胱氨酸。癫痫的发病机制中有硒和硒蛋白缺乏的迹象。总之，有令人信服的证据表明硒和GSH-Px酶活性缺乏在癫痫发病中的重要作用。血GSH-Px活性可作为癫痫患者硒缺乏的可靠指标。
Epilepsy is one of the oldest neurological conditions known to humankind. It is known that oxidative stress and generation of reactive oxygen species are a cause and consequence of epileptic seizures. Although recent years have seen tremendous progress in the molecular biology and metabolism of selenium, we still know little about the cell type-specific and temporal pattern of selenium and its derivatives in the brain of epileptic humans and experimental animals. It has been suggested that some antiepileptic drug therapies such as valproic acid, deplete the total body selenium level and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity although therapy with a new epileptic drug, topiramate, activated GSH-Px activity in epileptic animals and humans. An observation of lower blood or tissue selenium level and GSH-Px activity in epileptic patients and animals compared to controls in recent publications may support the proposed crucial role of selenium level and GSH-Px activity in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Selenium is incorporated into an interesting class of molecules known as selenoproteins that contain the modified amino acid, selenocysteine. There are signs of selenium and selenoprotein deficiency in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. In conclusion, there is convincing evidence for the proposed crucial role of selenium and deficiency of GSH-Px enzyme activity in epilepsy pathogenesis. Blood GSH-Px activities could be a reliable indicator of selenium deficiency in patients with epilepsy.