The role of presynaptic activity in monocular deprivation: Comparison of homosynaptic and heterosynaptic mechanisms
The role of presynaptic activity in monocular deprivation: Comparison of homosynaptic and heterosynaptic mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.3.1083
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发表时间：
1999-02-02
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Cooper, LN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blais, BS;Shouval, HZ;Cooper, LN
尽管计算神经科学的研究非常广泛，但根据实验结果来测试理论的详细而微妙的定量结果的机会（这在物理科学中产生了如此显着的差异）却很少见。在本文中，我们概述了两种对比突触可塑性理论的可测试结果，该理论应用于单眼剥夺中闭眼视觉皮层的断开。这种脱节有时被认为是一个过程的结果，该过程源于对神经营养素等有限资源的投入竞争。这样的过程导致了我们所说的空间竞争或异质突触突触修饰。一个对比的观点——以 Bienenstock、Cooper 和 Munro (BCM) 理论为例——是输入活动的模式在时域中竞争。这种时间竞争是同突触的，不需要保守的资源。同突触和异突触这两种机制是我们通过使用由自然场景组成的现实环境探索的两类一般学习规则的显着特征。这些替代观点导致单眼剥夺时闭眼断开率对突触前活动水平的相反依赖。这个强大且可测试的结果为关键的区分实验奠定了基础。该实验已经完成并支持第二种观点。这些结果对新皮质的学习和记忆存储过程具有重要意义。
Although investigations in computational neuroscience have been extensive, the opportunity (that has made such a marked difference in physical sciences) to test detailed and subtle quantitative consequences of a theory against experimental results is rare. In this paper, we outline a testable consequence of two contrasting theories of synaptic plasticity applied to the disconnection in visual cortex of the closed eye in monocular deprivation. This disconnection is sometimes thought to be the consequence of a process that stems from a competition of inputs for a limited resource such as neurotrophin. Such a process leads to what we call spatial competition, or heterosynaptic synaptic modification. A contrasting view-exemplified by the Bienenstock, Cooper, and Munro (BCM) theory-is that patterns of input activity compete in the temporal domain. This temporal competition is homosynaptic and does not require a conserved resource. The two mechanisms, homosynaptic and heterosynaptic, are the distinguishing characteristics of two general classes of learning rules we explore by using a realistic environment composed of natural scenes. These alternative views lead to opposite dependence on the level of presynaptic activity of the rate of disconnection of the closed eye in monocular deprivation. This strong and testable consequence sets the stage for a critical distinguishing experiment, This experiment has been done and supports the second view. These results have important implications for the processes of learning and memory storage in neocortex.