Poverty of the Stimulus Revisited
Poverty of the Stimulus Revisited
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1551-6709.2011.01189.x
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Chomsky, Noam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berwick, Robert C.;Pietroski, Paul;Chomsky, Noam
现代生成语法的一个中心目标是发现人类语言的不变属性，这些属性反映了“应用于经验数据的先天思维图式”，并且“可能合理地归因于有机体本身对获取知识的任务的贡献”（乔姆斯基，1971）。这种不变性的候选人包括语法规则的结构依赖性，特别是对问题形成的某些限制。各种“刺激贫困”（POS）的论点表明，这些不变性反映了一个先天的人类禀赋，而不是共同的经验：这种经验值得选择的语法收购只有当人类假设，先验，可选择的语法尊重实质性的限制。最近，一些研究人员试图反驳这些POS参数。作为回应，我们说明了为什么POS参数仍然是一个重要的支持来源，呼吁先验结构依赖的限制，人类自然获得的语法。
A central goal of modern generative grammar has been to discover invariant properties of human languages that reflect "the innate schematism of mind that is applied to the data of experience" and that "might reasonably be attributed to the organism itself as its contribution to the task of the acquisition of knowledge" (Chomsky, 1971). Candidates for such invariances include the structure dependence of grammatical rules, and in particular, certain constraints on question formation. Various "poverty of stimulus" (POS) arguments suggest that these invariances reflect an innate human endowment, as opposed to common experience: Such experience warrants selection of the grammars acquired only if humans assume, a priori, that selectable grammars respect substantive constraints. Recently, several researchers have tried to rebut these POS arguments. In response, we illustrate why POS arguments remain an important source of support for appeal to a priori structure-dependent constraints on the grammars that humans naturally acquire.