Initial insights into bacterial succession during human decomposition
Initial insights into bacterial succession during human decomposition
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DOI：
10.1007/s00414-014-1128-4
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Bucheli, Sibyl R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hyde, Embriette R.;Haarmann, Daniel P.;Bucheli, Sibyl R.
腐烂是一个动态的生态过程，除了个别身体固有的特性外，还取决于许多因素，如环境、气候、细菌、昆虫和脊椎动物的活动。虽然很大程度上归因于微生物的新陈代谢，但对人类分解的细菌基础知之甚少。为了评估细菌群落结构随时间的变化，从两具身体上采集多个地点的细菌样本进行分解，并通过454焦磷酸测序和细菌16S核糖体RNA(16S RRNA)基因3-5可变区的分析进行分析。每具身体的特征是随着时间和腐烂的进行，所有采样地点的细菌群落结构都发生了变化。所有身体部位的细菌群落结构在放置时和清洗前都是可变的。在肿胀和排泄，直到组织开始脱水或被移除之前，与苍蝇相关的细菌很常见，如伊格纳茨希纳菌和沃法提莫氏菌。在脱水和骨架化后，与土壤相关的细菌，如不动杆菌，在大多数身体采样部位都很常见。然而，为了评估细菌演替的主要趋势，需要从多个季节采集更多的身体样本。
Decomposition is a dynamic ecological process dependent upon many factors such as environment, climate, and bacterial, insect, and vertebrate activity in addition to intrinsic properties inherent to individual cadavers. Although largely attributed to microbial metabolism, very little is known about the bacterial basis of human decomposition. To assess the change in bacterial community structure through time, bacterial samples were collected from several sites across two cadavers placed outdoors to decompose and analyzed through 454 pyrosequencing and analysis of variable regions 3-5 of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene. Each cadaver was characterized by a change in bacterial community structure for all sites sampled as time, and decomposition, progressed. Bacteria community structure is variable at placement and before purge for all body sites. At bloat and purge and until tissues began to dehydrate or were removed, bacteria associated with flies, such as Ignatzschineria and Wohlfahrtimonas, were common. After dehydration and skeletonization, bacteria associated with soil, such as Acinetobacter, were common at most body sites sampled. However, more cadavers sampled through multiple seasons are necessary to assess major trends in bacterial succession.