Logical but Incompetent Plea Decisions: A New Approach to Plea Bargaining Grounded in Cognitive Theory
Logical but Incompetent Plea Decisions: A New Approach to Plea Bargaining Grounded in Cognitive Theory
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合乎逻辑但不称职的辩诉决定：基于认知理论的辩诉交易新方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Reyna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rebecca K. Helm;V. Reyna
虽然许多研究考虑了陪审员和法官在法律的决策中所涉及的认知过程，但接受或拒绝辩诉交易的决定却很少受到关注。我们研究的决定，在认罪的情况下，以测试模糊痕迹理论的预测如何认知处理风格（特别是，更依赖于要点或逐字陈述）影响认罪的决定，以及这可能会导致次优的决策，特别是在被告谁是年轻的成年人。结果支持模糊痕迹理论的预测表明，依赖于个人（要旨或逐字逐句）的心理表征的类型预测辩诉交易的决定与那些依赖于要旨更受影响的分类意义为基础的区别，如有罪与无罪或得到一个重罪与轻罪。重要的是，研究结果表明，两组之间的差异不是由价值观的差异引起的，而是由于“超理性”推理过程，依赖逐字陈述的个人做出的决定并不反映他们的潜在价值观。这些结果揭示了一个新的威胁，以胜任辩诉交易决定的逻辑推理过程，可以说是不完全胜任，这对目前的辩诉交易制度的影响。
Although much research considers the cognitive processes involved in legal decision making of jurors and judges, decisions to accept or reject plea bargains have received far less attention. We examine decisions in plea scenarios to test predictions of Fuzzy-Trace Theory regarding how cognitive processing style (specifically, greater reliance on gist or verbatim representations) affects plea decisions and how this could lead to suboptimal decision making, especially among defendants who are young adults. Results support Fuzzy-Trace Theory’s predictions by showing that the type of mental representation relied on by an individual (gist or verbatim) predicts plea bargain decisions—with those relying on gist being more influenced by categorical meaning-based distinctions, such as being guilty versus innocent or getting a felony versus misdemeanor. Importantly, results suggest that differences between the 2 groups are not caused by a difference in values but by the fact that individuals relying on verbatim representations are making decisions that do not reflect their underlying values, due to a “hyper-rational” reasoning process. These results reveal a new threat to competent plea decisions—a logical reasoning process that is arguably not fully competent—which has implications for the current plea bargaining system.
发展危险决策：模糊跟踪理论和神经生物学观点。
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Reyna VF;Wilhelms EA;McCormick MJ;Weldon RB
通讯作者：
Weldon RB
DOI：
10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.09.001
发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Corbin JC;Reyna VF;Weldon RB;Brainerd CJ
通讯作者：
Brainerd CJ