Bakerian Lecture. A Chemically Active Modification of Nitrogen, Produced by the Electric Discharge
Bakerian Lecture. A Chemically Active Modification of Nitrogen, Produced by the Electric Discharge
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R. Strutt
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作者：
R. Strutt
众所周知，真空管在放电结束后经常显示所含气体的发光度。在以前的论文中，我能够表明，这种效应，因为它发生在空气中，是磷光燃烧的性质，是由于一氧化氮和臭氧的相互反应，每个形成在放电。在第二篇论文中，人们发现在臭氧中也可以观察到其他磷光燃烧，特别是硫、硫化氢、乙炔和碘的磷光燃烧。其中一些给出连续光谱，但大多数是带光谱。在第一篇论文中，有人指出，纯氮不会产生任何余辉，而且，从那时起，我就用简单的感应线圈放电来验证这一点。然而，Percival刘易斯先生描述了当使用具有火花隙的罐式放电时在氮气中获得的余辉。我没有困难获得这种辉光一旦使用罐放电，并已申请其检查的方法在以前的文件中使用。这是由詹姆斯·杜瓦爵士提出的，他把一股气流通过真空管抽到一个观测容器中，在那里产生辉光，然后进入一个气泵，气泵必须是一个结构良好的机械泵，由动力驱动。因此，与连续放电后的间歇检查相比，可以更令人满意地检查灼热氮气的性质。
It is known that vacuum tubes frequently show a luminosity of the contained gas after discharge is over. In a previous paper I was able to show that this effect, as it occurs in air, is of the nature of a phosphorescent combustion, and is due to the mutual reaction of nitric oxide and ozone, each formed in the discharge. In a second paper it was shown that other phosphorescent combustions can be observed in ozone, notably of sulphur, sulphuretted hydrogen, acetylene, and iodine. Some of these give continuous spectra, but the majority band spectra. In the first paper it was stated that pure nitrogen gives no afterglow whatever, and, with the simple induction coil discharge with which I was then working, this has been frequently verified since. Mr. Percival Lewis has however, described an afterglow obtained in nitrogen when a jar discharge with spark-gap is used. I had no difficulty in obtaining this glow as soon as the jar discharge was used, and have applied to its examination the method used in the former papers. This is due to Sir James Dewar, and consists in drawing a current of gas through the vacuum tube into an observing vessel, where the glow is developed, and thence into an air pump, which must be a mechanical one of good construction, driven by power. It is thus possible to examine the properties of the glowing nitrogen much more satisfactorily than can be done by intermittent examination after successive discharges.