Male gametophyte development and function.
Male gametophyte development and function.
复制标题
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Honys;D. Rĕnák;D. Twell;J. D. Silva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Honys;D. Rĕnák;D. Twell;J. D. Silva
高等植物雄配子体的发育是一个复杂的过程，需要各种细胞和组织类型及其相关的特定基因表达模式的协调参与。雄配子体的生活史可分为成熟花粉粒形成的发育阶段和功能或孕育阶段，始于柱头表面的花粉粒对柱头表面的影响，结束于二次受精。花粉个体发育也是剖析控制细胞生长、极性、细胞分化和细胞信号的细胞网络的一个很好的模型。在这里，我们概述了雄配子体发育中的重要细胞过程，以及遗传学和基因组学方法的最新进展，这些进展正在显着地推动该领域的发展。遗传学方法已经发现了越来越多的配子体突变体，这些突变体影响发育或孕育阶段的离散步骤，现在开始揭示一些关键的分子过程。随着最近的技术进步，花粉转录研究提供了第一个关于拟南芥雄性生殖细胞发育的全基因组视角，这些研究揭示了至少两个连续的全球基因表达计划，以及大量雄配子体特异基因和推测的转录调控基因的身份。转录组分析显示，细胞壁代谢、细胞骨架和信号基因在为孕期做准备的过程中显著过度表达。以基因为中心的知识的这一巨大飞跃突出了这一途径的功能专门化，并为剖析控制男性生殖成功的细胞过程提供了许多新的机会。
Male gametophyte development in higher plants is a complex process that requires the coordinated participation of various cell and tissue types and their associated specific gene expression patterns. The male gametophytic life cycle can be divided into a developmental phase leading to the formation of mature pollen grains, and a functional or progamic phase, beginning with the impact of the grains on the stigma surface and ending at double fertilisation. Pollen ontogeny is also an excellent model in which to dissect the cellular networks that control cell growth, polarity, cellular differentiation and cell signaling. Here we present an overview of important cellular processes in male gametophyte development and recent advances in genetics and genomic approaches that are advancing the field significantly. Genetic approaches have identified a growing number of gametophytic mutants affecting discrete steps during the developmental or progamic phases that are now beginning to uncover some of the key molecular processes involved. With recent technological advances pollen transcriptomic studies now provide the first genome-wide view of male reproductive cell development in Arabidopsis These studies reveal at least two successive global gene expression programs and the identity of a large number of male gametophyte-specific genes and putative transcriptional regulators. Transcriptome analysis has revealed a striking overrepresentation of cell wall metabolism, cytoskeleton and signaling genes in preparation for the progamic phase. This quantum leap in gene-centered knowledge highlights the functional specialization of this pathway and offers many new opportunities for the dissection of cellular processes that control male reproductive success.