A parallelized three-dimensional cellular automaton model for grain growth during additive manufacturing
A parallelized three-dimensional cellular automaton model for grain growth during additive manufacturing
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DOI：
10.1007/s00466-017-1535-8
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Wagner, Gregory J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lian, Yanping;Lin, Stephen;Wagner, Gregory J.
本文提出了一种并行化的三维元胞自动机计算模型，用于预测增材制造过程中金属凝固的晶粒形态。凝固现象的特征在于高度局部化的事件，如多个晶粒的成核和生长。因此，并行化需要仔细处理处理器之间的负载平衡以及进程间通信，以保持高并行效率。我们给出了一个详细的总结模型的制定，以及描述的通信策略，以确保并行效率。一个有代表性的问题，约5亿细胞的缩放测试表明，8个处理器上的并行效率超过80%，64个处理器上的效率约为50%;效率损失是由于负载不平衡，由于近表面晶粒成核在这个测试问题。通过增材制造模拟进一步证明了该模型，所得到的晶粒结构与实验中观察到的晶粒结构具有合理的一致性。
In this paper, a parallelized 3D cellular automaton computational model is developed to predict grain morphology for solidification of metal during the additive manufacturing process. Solidification phenomena are characterized by highly localized events, such as the nucleation and growth of multiple grains. As a result, parallelization requires careful treatment of load balancing between processors as well as interprocess communication in order to maintain a high parallel efficiency. We give a detailed summary of the formulation of the model, as well as a description of the communication strategies implemented to ensure parallel efficiency. Scaling tests on a representative problem with about half a billion cells demonstrate parallel efficiency of more than 80% on 8 processors and around 50% on 64; loss of efficiency is attributable to load imbalance due to near-surface grain nucleation in this test problem. The model is further demonstrated through an additive manufacturing simulation with resulting grain structures showing reasonable agreement with those observed in experiments.