Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, pregnancy, and pregnancy outcome
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, pregnancy, and pregnancy outcome
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/71.1.285s
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Hornstra, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al, MDM;van Houwelingen, AC;Hornstra, G
在怀孕期间，必需长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）作为前列腺素的前体和细胞膜的结构元素发挥着重要作用。在整个妊娠期间，母体、胎盘和胎儿组织会发生增生，因此孕妇及其发育中的胎儿对LCPUFA的需求量很高。二十二碳六烯酸（DHA; 22：6 n-3）尤其如此。母亲血浆磷脂中DHA与其状态标志物二十二碳五烯酸（22：5 n-6）的比例在怀孕期间显著降低。这表明怀孕与母亲难以应对对DHA的高需求有关。多胎新生儿的DHA水平显著低于单胎;多胎妊娠婴儿的DHA水平显著低于双胎妊娠婴儿，早产婴儿的DHA水平显著低于足月新生儿。由于出生时的LCPUFA状态似乎具有长期影响，因此胎儿应获得足够的LCPUFA供应。一项国际比较研究的数据表明，尤其是对于n-3 LCPUFA，胎儿依赖于母体脂肪酸摄入;母体补充LCPUFA、其前体或两者均可增加母体和脐带血浆磷脂中的LCPUFA浓度。然而，观察到2个LCPUFA家族之间的显著竞争，这意味着有效的补充需要n-6和n-3脂肪酸的混合物。需要进一步研究以确定血浆磷脂中较高的LCPUFA浓度是否会对母亲和儿童产生功能性益处。
During pregnancy, essential long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) play important roles as precursors of prostaglandins and as structural elements of cell membranes. Throughout gestation, accretion of maternal, placental, and fetal tissue occurs and consequently the LCPUFA requirements of pregnant women and their developing fetuses are high. This is particularly true for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3). The ratio of DHA to its status marker, docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6), in maternal plasma phospholipids decreases significantly during pregnancy. This suggests that pregnancy is associated with maternal difficulty in coping with the high demand for DHA. The DHA status of newborn multiplets is significantly lower than that of singletons; the same is true for infants of multigravidas as compared with those of primigravidas and for preterm compared with term neonates. Because the LCPUFA status at birth seems to have a long-term effect, the fetus should receive an adequate supply of LCPUFAs. Data from an international comparative study indicated that, especially for n-3 LCPUFAs, the fetus is dependent on maternal fatty acid intake; maternal supplementation with LCPUFAs, their precursors, or both increased LCPUFA concentrations in maternal and umbilical plasma phospholipids. However, significant competition between the 2 LCPUFA families was observed, which implies that effective supplementation requires a mixture of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. Further research is needed to determine whether higher LCPUFA concentrations in plasma phospholipid will have functional benefits for mothers and children.