Multifarious Functions of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein.

Multifarious Functions of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tig.2017.07.008
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发表时间:
2017-10
期刊:
Trends in genetics : TIG
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Broadie K
Broadie K
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Davis JK;Broadie K

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脆性X综合征(FXS)是一种遗传性智力和自闭症谱系障碍,由脆性X智力迟钝蛋白(FMRP)的缺失引起。这种神经发育疾病状态表现为神经回路超连通性和高兴奋性。通常,FMRP的功能是作为mrna结合翻译抑制因子,但最近的研究结果极大地扩展了其作用。尽管新兴的FMRP功能之间的联系尚不清楚,但最近的进展已经扩展了对参与RNA,通道和蛋白质结合的理解,这些结合调节钙信号,活动依赖的关键时期发育和兴奋抑制神经回路平衡。本文对三年的FXS模型研究进行了背景分析。从最近的进展推断,未来的方向集中在发现FMRP角色之间的联系;以确定FMRP是否具有众多不相关的功能,还是组合机制可以解释其多方面的存在。
Fragile X syndrome (FXS), a heritable intellectual and autism spectrum disorder, results from loss of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP). This neurodevelopmental disease state exhibits neural circuit hyperconnectivity and hyperexcitability. Canonically, FMRP functions as an mRNA-binding translation suppressor, but recent findings have enormously expanded proposed roles. Although connections between burgeoning FMRP functions remain unknown, recent advances have extended understanding of involvement in RNA-, channel- and protein-binding that modulates calcium signaling, activity-dependent critical period development and excitation-inhibition neural circuitry balance. This article contextualizes three years of FXS model research. Future directions extrapolated from recent advances focus on discovering links between FMRP roles; to determine whether FMRP has a multitude of unrelated functions, or combinatorial mechanisms can explain its multifaceted existence.
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