The Three Planet Model: Towards an Understanding of Contradictions in Approaches to Women and Children's Safety in Contexts of Domestic Violence
The Three Planet Model: Towards an Understanding of Contradictions in Approaches to Women and Children's Safety in Contexts of Domestic Violence
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DOI：
10.1093/bjsw/bcr095
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Hester, Marianne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hester, Marianne
尽管为解决家庭暴力问题开展了许多积极的工作，但社会护理人员和其他专业人员经常表示沮丧，妇女和儿童的经历也反映了这种沮丧，他们认为，在家庭暴力的情况下，很难确保和维持妇女和儿童的安全结果。本文以这些挫折和困难为出发点，并试图了解从业人员可能面临的一些系统性问题，这些问题可能会破坏他们的实践的有效性。文章特别探讨了在与家庭暴力受害者和肇事者的工作中的专业话语和实践中明显存在的一些紧张局势和矛盾;儿童保护和保障;以及儿童接触。这三个领域的工作特别难以整合成一个有凝聚力和协调的方法，因为它们实际上是在不同的“行星”上--有着各自独立的历史、文化、法律和人口（专业人员的集合）。分离的“行星”概念也可以根据布迪厄（1989）所称的群体的“习性”来理解，其中专业群体工作中的特定结构、方向和方法可能会在他们自己的日常和共同的专业假设和实践与其他专业群体之间产生分歧。要解决“三个星球的问题”，更有效地处理影响成人和儿童的家庭暴力，就需要在不同的“星球”领域采取统一的办法，并承认将妇女置于有罪受害者地位的性别化进程。它要求在三个工作领域采取更加密切和一致的做法，承认和理解不同专业群体的专业假设和做法。
Despite the development of much positive work by to tackle domestic violence, frustrations are often voiced by social care and other professionals - and echoed in women's and children's experiences - that it can be difficult to ensure and sustain safe outcomes for women and children in circumstances of domestic violence. The article takes as its starting point these frustrations and difficulties, and provides an attempt at understanding some of the systemic problems practitioners may be facing that undermine the effectiveness of their practice. The article explores in particular some of the tensions and contradictions that are evident in professional discourses and practices across work with victims and perpetrators of domestic violence; child protection and safeguarding; and child contact. These three areas of work are especially difficult to bring together into a cohesive and co-ordinated approach because they are effectively on separate 'planets' - with their own separate histories, culture, laws, and populations (sets of professionals). The notion of separate 'planets' can also be understood in light of what Bourdieu (1989) would call the 'habitus' of groups, where the particular structures, orientations and approaches in the work of a professional group may create divides between their own everyday and common place professional assumptions and practices and those of other professional groups. Tackling the 'three planet problem', and dealing more effectively with domestic violence as it impacts on adults and children, requires both a unified approach across the separate 'planet' areas and acknowledgement of the processes of gendering that are situating women as culpable victims. It requires much closer and coherent practices across the three areas of work, with acknowledgement and understanding of professional assumptions and practices of different professional groups.