Pengaruh Perubahan Luas Tutupan Lahan Hutan Terhadap Karakteristik Hidrologi DAS Citarum Hulu
Pengaruh Perubahan Luas Tutupan Lahan Hutan Terhadap Karakteristik Hidrologi DAS Citarum Hulu
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Pengaruh Perubahan Luas Tutupan Lahan Hutan Terhadap Karakteristik Hidrologi DAS Citarum Hulu
DOI：
10.14710/jil.17.2.333-340
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Budi Hadi Narendra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Salim;I. Dharmawan;Budi Hadi Narendra
Citarum流域水资源的减少和各种水文灾害的发生表明，有必要重新调整流域内的组成部分，特别是流域上游地区的土地覆盖。本研究旨在通过SWAT（土壤和水评估工具）模型的模拟，确定森林土地覆盖对上游Citarum流域水文参数的影响。结果表明，香橼流域森林覆盖率仅占流域面积的15.96%，其中上游地区仅占4.94%。Citarum流域上游的流量系数为31.4，年平均地表径流量为933.03mm，年侵蚀量为517.9t/ha。模拟结果表明，森林面积的减少会增加径流量和地表径流量，而森林面积的增加会增加土壤入渗和蒸散量。森林面积从现有条件减少10%，导致58%的雨水变成地表径流。现有条件与《区域热带水方案》的方向之间存在大量差异，需要很长时间和很大的费用来调整，因此，可以采取的短期替代办法是将旱地农业覆盖转变为森林覆盖，使森林覆盖率至少达到上游地区土地面积的45%，并优化流域的水文功能。
The decline in water resources and the occurrence of various hydrological disasters in the Citarum watershed indicate the need to restructure the components inside the watershed, especially land cover in the upper watershed area. This study aims to determine the effect of forest land cover on the hydrological parameters of the upstream Citarum watershed through simulations of the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. The results showed that the forest cover in the Citarum watershed was only 15.96% of the watershed area and only 4.94% was located in the Upper area. The Flow Rate Coefficient of the upstream Citarum watershed is 31.4, the annual average surface flow and annual erosion are 933.03 mm and 517.9 tons/ha respectively. The simulation from several scenarios shows that a decreasing in forest area can increase discharge and surface runoff, whereas an increase in forest area will increase soil infiltration and evapotranspiration. Decreasing forest area by 10% from existing conditions caused 58% of rainwater to become surface runoff. The large number of discrepancies between the existing conditions and the directions in the RTRWP will require a long time and large costs to adjust so that the short-term alternative that can be done is to convert dryland agricultural cover to the forest to reach forest cover of at least 45% of the land area in the upstream area and can optimize the hydrological function of the watershed.