Cognitive person variables in the delay of gratification of older children at risk.
Cognitive person variables in the delay of gratification of older children at risk.
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处于危险中的大龄儿童延迟满足的认知因素。
DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.57.2.358
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Shoda,Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodriguez,ML;Mischel,W;Shoda,Y
分析了自我调节的组成部分，将自我施加的延迟满足范式扩展到有社会适应问题的年龄较大的儿童。延迟行为与概念上相关的认知人变量网络相关，包括延迟期间的注意力部署策略、延迟规则知识和智力。智力、注意力部署和实际延迟时间的并发指数之间存在正相关关系。此外，注意力部署（作为延迟过程中的个体差异变量来衡量）对延迟行为具有直接、积极的影响。具体来说，随着延误时间和情况的挫败感增加，花费更多时间从延误情况的诱人因素上分散注意力的孩子能够拖延更长时间。即使年龄、智力和延迟规则知识受到控制，注意力部署对延迟行为的影响也是显着的。同样，即使年龄、注意力部署和智力受到控制，延迟规则知识也能显着预测延迟时间。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
The components of self-regulation were analyzed, extending the self-imposed delay of gratification paradigm to older children with social adjustment problems. Delay behavior was related to a network of conceptually relevant cognitive person variables, consisting of attention deployment strategies during delay, knowledge of delay rules, and intelligence. A positive relationship was demonstrated between concurrent indexes of intelligence, attention deployment, and actual delay time. Moreover, attention deployment, measured as an individual differences variable during the delay process, had a direct, positive effect on delay behavior. Specifically, as the duration of delay and the frustration of the situation increased, children who spent a higher proportion of the time distracting themselves from the tempting elements of the delay situation were able to delay longer. The effect of attention deployment on delay behavior was significant even when age, intelligence, and delay rule knowledge were controlled. Likewise, delay rule knowledge significantly predicted delay time, even when age, attention deployment, and intelligence were controlled.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)