Olfactory-based social learning varies as a function of parity in female rats
Olfactory-based social learning varies as a function of parity in female rats
复制标题
雌性大鼠基于嗅觉的社会学习随胎次的变化而变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Winocur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Fleming;C. Kuchera;Anna W. Lee;G. Winocur
在分娩荷尔蒙的影响下，新生的母鼠一出生就被哺育出来。在这些荷尔蒙的影响下获得的母性经验在分娩后会保留相当长的一段时间。这种影响在产后的动物中比在未分娩的动物中更强烈，后者是通过每天接触幼崽而被诱导成为母亲的。本实验旨在确定母体经验的稳健性的性别差异是否反映了获得任何任务的难度的性别差异，或者学习是否必须针对幼崽和母体环境。在第一个实验中，比较了初产和未分娩的雌性大鼠在社会条件食物偏好任务中的表现。每只动物都接触到以前吃过新食物的同种动物，然后测试预先接触的食物的消耗量，而不是没有预先接触的新食物。这些动物暴露在同种物质中5、15或30分钟，并在7天后进行测试。产次组和所有三个暴露组都表现出对预先暴露的饮食的显著偏好，但产后动物中这样做的比例更高。在第二个实验中，比较了产后和未分娩的动物识别它们预先接触过的幼年动物的能力。暴露持续30分钟，暴露测试间隔为1、3或5天。同样，尽管两组人都能认出孩子，但产后组表现出更强的认知效应(反映在从接触到再次接触的调查分数的变化中)。因此，尽管发现的影响很小，但两个实验都表明，产次对产后动物的社会学习能力产生了有利的影响。
New mother rats, under the influence of parturitional hormones, are nurturant as soon as their pups are born. Maternal experiences acquired under the influence of these hormones are retained for a considerable period beyond parturition. This effect is more robust in the postpartum animal than in a nulliparous animal that has been induced to become maternal nonhormonally through daily exposure to pups. The present experiments were designed to determine whether the parity difference in robustness of a maternal experience reflects a parity difference in the ease of acquiring any task, or whether the learning must be specific to pups and the maternal context. In the first experiment, primiparous and nulliparous female rats were compared in their performance on a socially conditioned food preference task. Each animal was exposed to a conspecific that had previously eaten a new food and was then tested for amount consumed of the preexposed as opposed to nonpreexposed new food. The animals were exposed to their conspecifics for 5, 15, or 30 min and were tested 7 days later. Both parity groups and all three exposure groups exhibited a significant preference for the preexposed diet, but a higher proportion of the postpartum animals did so. In the second experiment, postpartum and nulliparous animals were compared in their ability to recognize juvenile animals to whom they had been preexposed. Exposures lasted 30 min and exposure test intervals were 1, 3, or 5 days. Again, although both groups recognized the juveniles, the postpartum group showed a stronger recognition effect (reflected in change in investigation scores from exposure to reexposure). Thus, although the effects found were small, both experiments indicate that parity influences the robustness of social learning in a direction favoring the postpartum animal.