Emission factors of hydrocarbons, halocarbons, trace gases and particles from biomass burning in Brazil
Emission factors of hydrocarbons, halocarbons, trace gases and particles from biomass burning in Brazil
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DOI：
10.1029/98jd00692
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发表时间：
1998-12-27
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Liousse, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferek, RJ;Reid, JS;Liousse, C
在1995年8月至9月的烟雾、云和辐射-巴西（SCAR-B）研究期间，对巴西19个森林、塞拉多和牧场火灾的气体和颗粒排放进行了空中测量。确定了一些主要和次要气体和颗粒物质的排放系数，包括二氧化碳、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、氮氧化物、甲烷、非甲烷碳氢化合物、卤化碳、颗粒（黑碳和有机碳）和颗粒离子物质。气体物种的排放系数的大小主要是由燃烧和阴燃燃烧的相对数量，而不是在植被类型的差异。碳氢化合物和卤化碳与CO有很好的相关性，这表明排放主要与阴燃燃烧有关。虽然有很大的变化之间的火灾，更高的排放系数的二氧化硫和氮氧化物与增加的比率燃烧阴燃燃烧，这可能是由于在燃料中的硫和氮的量的变化。颗粒物的排放因子与阴燃燃烧的相关性不如碳氢化合物。本研究中测量的排放系数与以前在巴西和非洲测量的排放系数相似。然而，巴西火灾的颗粒物排放因子似乎比北美北方森林火灾的颗粒物排放因子低约20%至40%。
Airborne measurements of the emissions of gases and particles from 19 individual forest, cerrado, and pasture fires in Brazil were obtained during the Smoke, Clouds, and Radiation-Brazil (SCAR-B) study in August-September 1995. Emission factors were determined for a number of major and minor gaseous and particulate species, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, methane, nonmethane hydrocarbons, halocarbons, particulate (black and organic) carbon, and particulate ionic species. The magnitude of the emission factors for gaseous species were determined primarily by the relative amounts of flaming and smoldering combustion, rather than differences in vegetation type. Hydrocarbons and halocarbons were well correlated with CO, which is indicative of emissions primarily associated with smoldering combustion. Although there was large variability between fires, higher emission factors for SO2 and NOx were associated with an increased ratio of flaming to smoldering combustion; this could be due to variations in the amounts of sulfur and nitrogen in the fuels. Emission factors for particles were not so clearly associated with smoldering combustion as those for hydrocarbons. The emission factors measured in this study are similar to those measured previously in Brazil and Africa. However, particle emission factors from fires in Brazil appear to be roughly 20 to 40% lower than those from North American boreal forest fires.