Unhealthy diets, obesity and time discounting: a systematic literature review and network analysis.
Unhealthy diets, obesity and time discounting: a systematic literature review and network analysis.
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DOI：
10.1111/obr.12431
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发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stuckler D
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文献类型：
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作者：
Barlow P;Reeves A;McKee M;Galea G;Stuckler D
人们越来越多地作出政策承诺，以解决不健康饮食、超重和肥胖等可避免的负担。然而，为了设计有效的政策，重要的是要了解人们为何做出不健康的饮食选择。行为经济学的研究表明时间折扣的关键作用，它描述了人们对奖励的价值，例如更好的健康，如何随着延迟而减少。我们系统地回顾了Web of Science和PubMed中关于时间折扣与不健康饮食、超重和肥胖关系的文献。我们确定了41项符合纳入标准的研究，因为它们检查了时间折扣率与（i）不健康食品消费之间的关系;（ii）超重和（iii）对饮食和减肥干预措施的反应。25项横断面研究中有19项发现时间折扣率与超重，肥胖和不健康饮食呈正相关。实验研究表明，较低的时间折扣与更大的体重减轻有关。研究结果因时间折扣率的测量方式而异;观察到食品的结果比基于货币的测量结果更强。网络共引分析显示，研究集中在营养期刊上。总体而言，有适度的证据表明，高时间折扣是不健康饮食，超重和肥胖的一个重要风险因素，并可能作为干预的一个重要目标。© 2016 The Authors Obesity Reviews由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表国际肥胖研究协会（IASO）出版
There is an increasing policy commitment to address the avoidable burdens of unhealthy diet, overweight and obesity. However, to design effective policies, it is important to understand why people make unhealthy dietary choices. Research from behavioural economics suggests a critical role for time discounting, which describes how people's value of a reward, such as better health, decreases with delay to its receipt. We systematically reviewed the literature on the relationship of time discounting with unhealthy diets, overweight and obesity in Web of Science and PubMed. We identified 41 studies that met our inclusion criteria as they examined the association between time discount rates and (i) unhealthy food consumption; (ii) overweight and (iii) response to dietary and weight loss interventions. Nineteen out of 25 cross‐sectional studies found time discount rates positively associated with overweight, obesity and unhealthy diets. Experimental studies indicated that lower time discounting was associated with greater weight loss. Findings varied by how time discount rates were measured; stronger results were observed for food than monetary‐based measurements. Network co‐citation analysis revealed a concentration of research in nutrition journals. Overall, there is moderate evidence that high time discounting is a significant risk factor for unhealthy diets, overweight and obesity and may serve as an important target for intervention. © 2016 The Authors Obesity Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association for the Study of Obesity (IASO)