Microbiota and the Response to Vaccines Against Respiratory Virus.
Microbiota and the Response to Vaccines Against Respiratory Virus.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2022.889945
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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这篇小综述描述了肠道和肺部微生物群在呼吸道病毒感染过程中的作用，并讨论了微生物群组成对旨在预防这些病原体的疫苗产生的免疫反应的影响。这是一个不断发展的领域，最近的证据表明微生物群的组成和功能可以调节流感和 SARS-CoV-2 等呼吸道病毒疫苗接种的免疫反应。最近的研究强调，源自微生物组的分子可以产生系统效应，作用于远处的器官。这些分子被宿主的免疫细胞识别，可以触发或调节不同的反应，干扰疫苗接种保护。调节微生物群组成被认为是实现更有效的保护性免疫反应的一种方法。对人类的研究报告了更好的疫苗反应与特定细菌分类群之间的关联。这些关联因不同的疫苗策略而异，并且可能取决于具体情况。益生元和益生菌与疫苗接种的结合使用表明细菌成分可以充当佐剂。未来基于微生物群的干预措施可能会改善和优化呼吸道病毒疫苗的反应。
This mini review describes the role of gut and lung microbiota during respiratory viral infection and discusses the implication of the microbiota composition on the immune responses generated by the vaccines designed to protect against these pathogens. This is a growing field and recent evidence supports that the composition and function of the microbiota can modulate the immune response of vaccination against respiratory viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Recent studies have highlighted that molecules derived from the microbiome can have systemic effects, acting in distant organs. These molecules are recognized by the immune cells from the host and can trigger or modulate different responses, interfering with vaccination protection. Modulating the microbiota composition has been suggested as an approach to achieving more efficient protective immune responses. Studies in humans have reported associations between a better vaccine response and specific bacterial taxa. These associations vary among different vaccine strategies and are likely to be context-dependent. The use of prebiotics and probiotics in conjunction with vaccination demonstrated that bacterial components could act as adjuvants. Future microbiota-based interventions may potentially improve and optimize the responses of respiratory virus vaccines.