Simple measurements of small scale water motion in coral reefs
Simple measurements of small scale water motion in coral reefs
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珊瑚礁小尺度水运动的简单测量
DOI：
10.1109/oceans.2001.968255
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Okamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Furushima;T. Komatsu;M. Okamoto
在浅水中，水运动是海洋生物最重要的环境因素之一。在珊瑚礁中尤其如此，水流的影响对于该地区珊瑚的生长过程和产卵定居非常重要。然而，由于仪表尺寸和底部地形的影响，用传统的海流计（螺旋桨式和电磁海流计等）测量这些区域的水流运动非常困难。对于珊瑚和牡蛎等固着生物来说，最大瞬时水流速度而不是平均水流强度很重要。因此，为了测量珊瑚礁中的水运动，已经开发并使用了石膏球技术。然而，石膏球只能使用 2 或 3 天。在使用石膏球进行测量的情况下，例如珊瑚幼虫的产卵沉降和扩散，需要在很长一段时间内检查大量点。之前，我们提出了一种改进石膏球材料的方法，使其使用寿命更长。在这项研究中，我们使用大量普通石膏球和改进的石膏球（包括牙科石膏、水泥和其他类型的石膏）对珊瑚礁周围的水运动进行了测量。我们在日本冲绳县石成泻湖的一片礁石上进行的实验结果清楚地表明，水流的强度随深度和位置的不同而变化，并且在片状礁石周围产生了一个小涡流。我们考虑这种差异水运动和小涡流对珊瑚生长过程和产卵沉降的影响。
In shallow waters, water motion is one of the most important environmental factors for marine organisms. This is particularly true in coral reefs, where the effect of flow is important for growth processes and spawning settlements of coral inhabiting the area. However, it is very difficult to measure the water motion in these areas with conventional current meters (propeller type and electromagnetic current meters etc.) due to the meter size and bottom topography. For sessile organisms such as coral and oysters, the maximum instantaneous current velocity rather than the intensity of the averaged flow is important. Therefore, to measure water motion in coral reefs, a plaster ball technique has been developed and used. However, plaster balls are usable for only 2 or 3 days. In the case of measuring with plaster balls, such as for spawning settlement and diffusion of coral larvae, it is necessary to examine a large number of points over a long time period. Previously, we presented a way to improve the material of the plaster balls to make them usable for longer periods. In this study, we examined measurements of water motion around coral reefs using a large number of normal plaster balls and improved plaster balls, including plaster for dentistry, cement, and other types. The results of our experiment in a patch reef in the Sekisei Lagoon (Okinawa Prefecture, Japan) clearly showed that the intensity of the flow varied with depth and position, and that a small vortex had been generated around the patch reef. We consider the effect of such differential water motion and small vortices on the growth processes and spawning settlement of coral.