Language and brain
Language and brain
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DOI：
10.1002/wcs.9
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Wartenburger, Isabell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friederici, Angela D.;Wartenburger, Isabell
人类的语言能力一直是语言学、心理学、神经学、生物学、人类学和最近的遗传学等不同学科研究者关注的焦点。然而，人类大脑如何获得和表示语言以确保其快速和轻松使用的奥秘仍然没有完全解决，尽管我们的知识库在过去几十年中急剧扩大。基于功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的研究，我们今天能够定义单独的额颞神经网络的句法和语义信息的处理在左半球和韵律过程中的权利。从电和magnetencephalographic（EEG/MEG）研究的数据使我们能够及时描述这些过程的相互作用。语言相关大脑结构受损的患者为神经认知模型的验证提供了关键信息。这些成人语言系统的模型被用作模板，对第一语言习得和第二语言处理的神经基础进行了研究。成人语言系统的特点是由前额叶皮层的布罗卡区和颞叶皮层的韦尼克区支持的快速过程。在成年人的语言学习过程中，这些处理程序缓慢地发展，最初招募大脑区域，超出参与成人母语处理的神经语言网络。(C)2010 John Wiley & Sons，Ltd. WIRES Cogn Sci 2010 1 150-159
The human faculty of language has been the focus of researchers from different disciplines such as linguistics, psychology, neurology, biology, anthropology, and more recently genetics. However, the mystery of how the human brain acquires and represents language to ensure its fast and effortless use has still not been entirely solved, although our knowledge base has enlarged dramatically over the past decades. Based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, we are today able to define separate frontotemporal neural networks for the processing of syntactic and semantic information in the left hemisphere and for prosodic processes in the right. Data from electro- and magnetencephalographic (EEG/MEG) studies allow us to describe the interaction of these processes in time. Patients with lesions in language-relevant brain structures provide crucial information for the validation of neurocognitive models. These models of adult language systems are used as a template against which the neural basis of first language acquisition and second language processing are investigated. The adult language system is characterized by fast processes supported by Broca's area in the prefrontal cortex and Wernicke's area in the temporal cortex. During language learning in adulthood, these processing routines slowly develop initially recruiting brain regions beyond those of the neural language network involved in adult native language processing. (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. WIREs Cogn Sci 2010 1 150-159